महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-46, verse-30

सोत्सेधमस्य च शिरः पश्यतां सुहृदां हृतम् ।
त्वया पुरुषशार्दूल शार्दूलेन यथा रुरोः ॥३०॥

30. sotsedhamasya ca śiraḥ paśyatāṁ suhṛdāṁ hṛtam ,
tvayā puruṣaśārdūla śārdūlena yathā ruroḥ.

30. sa-utsedham asya ca śiraḥ paśyatām suhṛdām
hṛtam tvayā puruṣaśārdūla śārdūlena yathā ruroḥ

30. puruṣaśārdūla tvayā asya sa-utsedham śiraḥ
suhṛdām paśyatām ca hṛtam yathā śārdūlena ruroḥ

30. O tiger among men, his swollen head was severed by you, just as a tiger carries away the head of a deer, while his friends looked on.

Words meanings summery:

• स-उत्सेधम् (sa-utsedham) - swollen (with swelling, with prominence, with height)

• अस्य (asya) - of him (of him, of this)

• च (ca) - and, even while (and, also, even)

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head (head, skull, top)

• पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - of those who were watching (of those seeing, observing, looking on)

• सुहृदाम् (suhṛdām) - of [his] friends (of friends, of well-wishers, of allies)

• हृतम् (hṛtam) - severed (taken, carried away, stolen, removed, destroyed, severed)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• पुरुषशार्दूल (puruṣaśārdūla) - O tiger among men (O tiger among men, O best of men, O hero)

• शार्दूलेन (śārdūlena) - by a tiger

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

• रुरोः (ruroḥ) - of a deer (of a deer, of a gazelle)

Words meanings and morphology

स-उत्सेधम् (sa-utsedham) - swollen (with swelling, with prominence, with height)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sa-utsedha

sa-utsedha - endowed with elevation, swollen, having protuberances

Prepositional compound of 'sa' (with) and 'utsedha' (swelling, elevation).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (sa+utsedha)

• sa – with, accompanied by, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'with' or 'accompanied by'.
• utsedha – swelling, elevation, prominence, growth
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'sad' (to sit, settle) with prefix 'ud' (up).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'śiraḥ'.

अस्य (asya) - of him (of him, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the victim whose head was severed.

च (ca) - and, even while (and, also, even)

(indeclinable)

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head (head, skull, top)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, skull, top, chief part, peak

Note: The object that was severed.

पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - of those who were watching (of those seeing, observing, looking on)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, observing, looking

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see), with 'paśya' stem in present tense, and '-at' suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'suhṛdām'.

सुहृदाम् (suhṛdām) - of [his] friends (of friends, of well-wishers, of allies)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher, good-hearted, kind

Compound of 'su' (good) and 'hṛd' (heart).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'good' or 'well'.
• hṛd – heart, mind, breast, soul
  noun (neuter)

Note: Possessive, 'of his friends'.

हृतम् (hṛtam) - severed (taken, carried away, stolen, removed, destroyed, severed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hṛta

hṛta - taken, carried, removed, seized, stolen, destroyed, severed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'hṛ' (to carry, take, seize).

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śiraḥ'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvam

tvam - you (singular)

Second person singular pronoun.

Note: Agent of the action 'hṛtam'.

पुरुषशार्दूल (puruṣaśārdūla) - O tiger among men (O tiger among men, O best of men, O hero)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣaśārdūla

puruṣaśārdūla - tiger among men, best of men, eminent man

Descriptive compound. 'Śārdūla' is often used as a suffix to denote excellence, akin to 'tiger' or 'lion'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+śārdūla)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger, excellent, eminent, best of its kind
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing the listener/hero.

शार्दूलेन (śārdūlena) - by a tiger

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śārdūla

śārdūla - tiger, excellent, eminent

Note: Agent in the simile.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

रुरोः (ruroḥ) - of a deer (of a deer, of a gazelle)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ruru

ruru - a species of deer, antelope, gazelle

Note: Object of comparison for 'śiraḥ'.