महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-46, verse-47

यः शस्त्रभृच्छ्रेष्ठतमं पृथिव्यां पितामहं व्याक्षिपदल्पचेताः ।
संख्यायमानोऽर्धरथः स कच्चित्त्वया हतोऽद्याधिरथिर्दुरात्मा ॥४७॥

47. yaḥ śastrabhṛcchreṣṭhatamaṁ pṛthivyāṁ; pitāmahaṁ vyākṣipadalpacetāḥ ,
saṁkhyāyamāno'rdharathaḥ sa kacci;ttvayā hato'dyādhirathirdurātmā.

47. यः शस्त्रभृच्छ्रेष्ठतमम् पृथिव्याम्
पितामहम् व्याक्षिपत् अल्पचेताः
संख्यायमानः अर्धरथः सः कच्चित्
त्वया हतः अद्य अधिरथिः दुरात्मा

47. कच्चित् त्वया अद्य सः दुरात्मा
अधिरथिः हतः यः अल्पचेताः सन् पृथिव्याम्
शस्त्रभृच्छ्रेष्ठतमम् पितामहम्
व्याक्षिपत् [यः] संख्यायमानः अर्धरथः

47. Has that evil-minded charioteer's son (adhirathi), who, with his meager intellect (alpacetas), insulted the grandsire (Bhīṣma), the most excellent of all weapon-bearers on earth, and who was himself accounted merely a 'half-chariot warrior' (ardharatha)—has he been killed by you today?

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• शस्त्रभृच्छ्रेष्ठतमम् (śastrabhṛcchreṣṭhatamam) - the best among weapon-bearers, most excellent weapon-bearer

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on earth, in the world

• पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - grandsire (Bhīṣma) (grandsire, paternal grandfather)

• व्याक्षिपत् (vyākṣipat) - he reproached, he insulted, he cast aside

• अल्पचेताः (alpacetāḥ) - dull-witted, with little intelligence

• संख्यायमानः (saṁkhyāyamānaḥ) - being counted, being reckoned

• अर्धरथः (ardharathaḥ) - half-chariot warrior (a warrior of lesser rank, referring to Karṇa) (half-chariot warrior)

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Karṇa) (he, that)

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - interrogative particle (implying hope/doubt), perhaps, is it not?

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, struck, destroyed

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• अधिरथिः (adhirathiḥ) - son of a charioteer (i.e., Karṇa) (son of a charioteer)

• दुरात्मा (durātmā) - evil-minded, wicked, having a bad nature

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

शस्त्रभृच्छ्रेष्ठतमम् (śastrabhṛcchreṣṭhatamam) - the best among weapon-bearers, most excellent weapon-bearer

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śastrabhṛcchreṣṭhatama

śastrabhṛcchreṣṭhatama - the most excellent weapon-bearer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śastrabhṛt+śreṣṭhatama)

• śastrabhṛt – weapon-bearer, warrior
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭhatama – most excellent, best
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of śreṣṭha (best).

Note: Modifies 'pitāmaham'.

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on earth, in the world

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, world

Note: Specifies location.

पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - grandsire (Bhīṣma) (grandsire, paternal grandfather)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, grandsire

Note: Object of 'vyākṣipat'.

व्याक्षिपत् (vyākṣipat) - he reproached, he insulted, he cast aside

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyākṣip

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular imperfect active of √kṣip with prefixes vi- and ā-.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: kṣip (class 6)

अल्पचेताः (alpacetāḥ) - dull-witted, with little intelligence

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alpacetas

alpacetas - small-minded, dull-witted, having little intelligence

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (alpa+cetas)

• alpa – small, little, few
  adjective
• cetas – mind, intelligence, thought
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'yaḥ'.

संख्यायमानः (saṁkhyāyamānaḥ) - being counted, being reckoned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkhyāyamāna

saṁkhyāyamāna - being counted, being reckoned

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root √khyā 'to tell, declare' with prefix sam- and ya- affix for passive. (Causative stem: khyāpaya 'to count').

Prefix: sam

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'yaḥ' (understood).

अर्धरथः (ardharathaḥ) - half-chariot warrior (a warrior of lesser rank, referring to Karṇa) (half-chariot warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ardharatha

ardharatha - half-chariot warrior, a warrior of inferior rank

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ardha+ratha)

• ardha – half
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (one who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Karṇa, who was deemed an 'ardharatha' by Bhīṣma.

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Karṇa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to 'yaḥ'.

कच्चित् (kaccit) - interrogative particle (implying hope/doubt), perhaps, is it not?

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a hopeful question.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent in the passive construction.

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, struck, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √han.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'saḥ'.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

अधिरथिः (adhirathiḥ) - son of a charioteer (i.e., Karṇa) (son of a charioteer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhirathi

adhirathi - son of a charioteer, master of a chariot

Refers to Karṇa, as he was brought up by Adhiratha, a charioteer.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (adhi+rathi)

• adhi – over, above, concerning
  indeclinable
• rathi – charioteer, warrior in a chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'saḥ', refers to Karṇa.

दुरात्मा (durātmā) - evil-minded, wicked, having a bad nature

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durātman

durātman - evil-minded, wicked, malicious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+ātman)

• dur – bad, difficult, evil
  indeclinable
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'saḥ', refers to Karṇa.