महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-7, chapter-95, verse-17
त्वया सुबहवो युद्धे निर्जिताः शत्रुसूदन ।
न च मे संभ्रमः कश्चिद्भूतपूर्वः कदाचन ।
किमु चैतत्समासाद्य वीर संयुगगोष्पदम् ॥१७॥
न च मे संभ्रमः कश्चिद्भूतपूर्वः कदाचन ।
किमु चैतत्समासाद्य वीर संयुगगोष्पदम् ॥१७॥
17. tvayā subahavo yuddhe nirjitāḥ śatrusūdana ,
na ca me saṁbhramaḥ kaścidbhūtapūrvaḥ kadācana ,
kimu caitatsamāsādya vīra saṁyugagoṣpadam.
na ca me saṁbhramaḥ kaścidbhūtapūrvaḥ kadācana ,
kimu caitatsamāsādya vīra saṁyugagoṣpadam.
17.
tvayā subahavaḥ yuddhe nirjitāḥ
śatrusūdana na ca me saṃbhramaḥ
kaścit bhūtapūrvaḥ kadācana kimu ca
etat samāsādya vīra saṃyugagoṣpadam
śatrusūdana na ca me saṃbhramaḥ
kaścit bhūtapūrvaḥ kadācana kimu ca
etat samāsādya vīra saṃyugagoṣpadam
17.
śatrusūdana yuddhe tvayā subahavaḥ
nirjitāḥ ca me kaścit saṃbhramaḥ
kadācana na bhūtapūrvaḥ ca vīra
etat saṃyugagoṣpadam samāsādya kimu
nirjitāḥ ca me kaścit saṃbhramaḥ
kadācana na bhūtapūrvaḥ ca vīra
etat saṃyugagoṣpadam samāsādya kimu
17.
"Many foes have been conquered by you in battle, O slayer of enemies. And no fear (saṃbhrama) has ever existed for me before. What then, O hero, when encountering this battlefield, which is as insignificant as a cow's hoof-print?"
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- त्वया (tvayā) - by you
- सुबहवः (subahavaḥ) - many (foes, implied) (very many, numerous)
- युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in war)
- निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - conquered (conquered, vanquished)
- शत्रुसूदन (śatrusūdana) - O Kṛṣṇa, the slayer of enemies (O slayer of enemies)
- न (na) - not, no
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- मे (me) - for me, my, to me
- संभ्रमः (saṁbhramaḥ) - fear (agitation, confusion, fear, haste)
- कश्चित् (kaścit) - any (fear) (anyone, someone, any)
- भूतपूर्वः (bhūtapūrvaḥ) - existed before (having existed before, previously happened)
- कदाचन (kadācana) - ever (ever, at any time)
- किमु (kimu) - what then? (what then? how much more?)
- च (ca) - and, also
- एतत् (etat) - this (battlefield) (this (neuter singular))
- समासाद्य (samāsādya) - when encountering (having approached, having obtained, having encountered)
- वीर (vīra) - O hero (O hero, brave one)
- संयुगगोष्पदम् (saṁyugagoṣpadam) - this battlefield, which is as insignificant as a cow's hoof-print (a battlefield like a cow's hoof-print, an insignificant battle)
Words meanings and morphology
त्वया (tvayā) - by you
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
सुबहवः (subahavaḥ) - many (foes, implied) (very many, numerous)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of subahu
subahu - very many, numerous
su (intensifier) + bahu (many)
Compound type : tatpurusha (su+bahu)
- su – good, well, very
indeclinable - bahu – many, much
adjective (masculine)
Note: Refers to enemies.
युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in war)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha
yuddha - battle, fight, war
from root yudh (to fight)
Root: yudh (class 4)
निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - conquered (conquered, vanquished)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of nirjita
nirjita - conquered, vanquished
Past Passive Participle
from nis-ji (to conquer)
Prefix: nis
Root: ji (class 1)
Note: P.P.P. functioning as an adjective, agreeing with implied 'enemies'.
शत्रुसूदन (śatrusūdana) - O Kṛṣṇa, the slayer of enemies (O slayer of enemies)
(adjective)
Vocative, masculine, singular of śatrusūdana
śatrusūdana - slayer of enemies
Compound type : tatpurusha (śatru+sūdana)
- śatru – enemy, foe
noun (masculine) - sūdana – destroying, crushing, slayer
noun (masculine)
Agent Noun/Adjective
from root sūd (to destroy)
Root: sūd (class 10)
Note: Adjective used as a vocative noun here.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
मे (me) - for me, my, to me
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me
Note: Can also be genitive. Contextually dative ('for me').
संभ्रमः (saṁbhramaḥ) - fear (agitation, confusion, fear, haste)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃbhrama
saṁbhrama - agitation, confusion, fear, haste
from sam-bhram (to wander, to be agitated)
Prefix: sam
Root: bhram (class 1)
कश्चित् (kaścit) - any (fear) (anyone, someone, any)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścit
kaścit - anyone, someone, any
compound of kim (who/what) + cit (indefinite particle)
Compound type : avyayibhāva (kim+cit)
- kim – who, what
pronoun (masculine) - cit – even, indeed, an indefinite particle
indeclinable
Note: Used as an indefinite pronoun qualifying 'saṃbhramaḥ'.
भूतपूर्वः (bhūtapūrvaḥ) - existed before (having existed before, previously happened)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūtapūrva
bhūtapūrva - having existed before, previously happened
compound of bhūta (been) and pūrva (before)
Compound type : tatpurusha (bhūta+pūrva)
- bhūta – been, become, past
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from root bhū (to be, to become)
Root: bhū (class 1) - pūrva – former, previous, before
adjective (masculine)
Note: Agrees with 'saṃbhramaḥ'.
कदाचन (kadācana) - ever (ever, at any time)
(indeclinable)
compound of kadā (when) + cana (particle)
Compound type : avyayibhāva (kadā+cana)
- kadā – when
indeclinable - cana – an indefinite particle
indeclinable
Note: Often used with 'na' to mean 'never'.
किमु (kimu) - what then? (what then? how much more?)
(indeclinable)
compound of kim (what) and u (emphatic particle)
Compound type : avyayibhāva (kim+u)
- kim – what
pronoun (neuter) - u – indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)
indeclinable
Note: Used to express 'what is the surprise/difficulty?' or 'how much more so?'
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
एतत् (etat) - this (battlefield) (this (neuter singular))
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, that
Note: Qualifies 'saṃyugagoṣpadam'.
समासाद्य (samāsādya) - when encountering (having approached, having obtained, having encountered)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
from sam-ā-sad (to sit down, to approach, to obtain)
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: sad (class 1)
वीर (vīra) - O hero (O hero, brave one)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of vīra
vīra - hero, brave man, warrior
संयुगगोष्पदम् (saṁyugagoṣpadam) - this battlefield, which is as insignificant as a cow's hoof-print (a battlefield like a cow's hoof-print, an insignificant battle)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃyugagoṣpada
saṁyugagoṣpada - a battlefield like a cow's hoof-print (insignificant)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (saṃyuga+goṣpada)
- saṃyuga – battle, conflict, war
noun (masculine)
from sam-yuj (to join together, to fight)
Prefix: sam
Root: yuj (class 7) - goṣpada – cow's hoof-print, a small puddle
noun (neuter)
Note: In apposition to 'etat'.