महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-7, chapter-95, verse-13
शकाः किराता दरदा बर्बरास्ताम्रलिप्तकाः ।
अन्ये च बहवो म्लेच्छा विविधायुधपाणयः ।
मामेवाभिमुखाः सर्वे तिष्ठन्ति समरार्थिनः ॥१३॥
अन्ये च बहवो म्लेच्छा विविधायुधपाणयः ।
मामेवाभिमुखाः सर्वे तिष्ठन्ति समरार्थिनः ॥१३॥
13. śakāḥ kirātā daradā barbarāstāmraliptakāḥ ,
anye ca bahavo mlecchā vividhāyudhapāṇayaḥ ,
māmevābhimukhāḥ sarve tiṣṭhanti samarārthinaḥ.
anye ca bahavo mlecchā vividhāyudhapāṇayaḥ ,
māmevābhimukhāḥ sarve tiṣṭhanti samarārthinaḥ.
13.
śakāḥ kirātā daradā barbarāḥ
tāmraliptakāḥ anye ca bahavaḥ mlecchā
vividhāyudhapāṇayaḥ mām eva
abhimukhāḥ sarve tiṣṭhanti samarārthinaḥ
tāmraliptakāḥ anye ca bahavaḥ mlecchā
vividhāyudhapāṇayaḥ mām eva
abhimukhāḥ sarve tiṣṭhanti samarārthinaḥ
13.
śakāḥ kirātā daradā barbarāḥ
tāmraliptakāḥ ca anye bahavaḥ mlecchā
vividhāyudhapāṇayaḥ sarve mām eva
abhimukhāḥ samarārthinaḥ tiṣṭhanti
tāmraliptakāḥ ca anye bahavaḥ mlecchā
vividhāyudhapāṇayaḥ sarve mām eva
abhimukhāḥ samarārthinaḥ tiṣṭhanti
13.
The Shakas, Kiratas, Daradas, Barbaras, and Tamraliptakas, along with many other foreigners (mlecchas) wielding various weapons, all stand facing me, eager for battle.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शकाः (śakāḥ) - Shakas (Scythians)
- किराता (kirātā) - Kiratas (an ancient tribe, typically hill-dwellers)
- दरदा (daradā) - Daradas (a mountain people from Northwest India)
- बर्बराः (barbarāḥ) - Barbaras (foreigners, barbarians)
- ताम्रलिप्तकाः (tāmraliptakāḥ) - Tamraliptakas (people from Tamralipta)
- अन्ये (anye) - Other tribes/warriors. (others)
- च (ca) - and, also
- बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous
- म्लेच्छा (mlecchā) - foreigners, barbarians, non-Aryans
- विविधायुधपाणयः (vividhāyudhapāṇayaḥ) - having various weapons in hand
- माम् (mām) - Arjuna refers to himself. (me)
- एव (eva) - Emphasizing 'facing me'. (indeed, only, just, exactly)
- अभिमुखाः (abhimukhāḥ) - Facing Arjuna. (facing, turned towards, confronted by)
- सर्वे (sarve) - All the mentioned warriors. (all, everyone)
- तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - Are standing arrayed for battle. (stand, remain, abide)
- समरार्थिनः (samarārthinaḥ) - desiring battle, eager for battle
Words meanings and morphology
शकाः (śakāḥ) - Shakas (Scythians)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śaka
śaka - the Scythians, a Scythian, an ancient central Asian tribe
Name of a people.
किराता (kirātā) - Kiratas (an ancient tribe, typically hill-dwellers)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kirāta
kirāta - a Kirata, a member of an ancient hill tribe
Name of a people.
दरदा (daradā) - Daradas (a mountain people from Northwest India)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of darada
darada - a Darada, a member of a mountain tribe
Name of a people.
बर्बराः (barbarāḥ) - Barbaras (foreigners, barbarians)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of barbara
barbara - a barbarian, a non-Aryan, a foreigner
ताम्रलिप्तकाः (tāmraliptakāḥ) - Tamraliptakas (people from Tamralipta)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tāmraliptaka
tāmraliptaka - a resident of Tamralipta (an ancient port city in Bengal)
Derived from tāmralipta (the city name).
अन्ये (anye) - Other tribes/warriors. (others)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, another
Pronominal adjective.
Note: Qualifies mlecchāḥ.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu
bahu - many, numerous, much
Pronominal adjective.
Note: Qualifies mlecchāḥ.
म्लेच्छा (mlecchā) - foreigners, barbarians, non-Aryans
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of mleccha
mleccha - a foreigner, a barbarian, a non-Aryan
Note: This form is mlecchā as in the Devanagari input.
विविधायुधपाणयः (vividhāyudhapāṇayaḥ) - having various weapons in hand
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vividhāyudhapāṇi
vividhāyudhapāṇi - having various weapons in hand
Bahuvrihi compound: vividha (various) + āyudha (weapon) + pāṇi (hand). 'In whose hands are various weapons'.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vividha+āyudha+pāṇi)
- vividha – various, manifold, diverse
adjective (masculine) - āyudha – weapon, implement
noun (neuter) - pāṇi – hand
noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifies mlecchāḥ.
माम् (mām) - Arjuna refers to himself. (me)
(pronoun)
Accusative, singular of mad
mad - I, me
First person pronoun.
Note: Object of abhimukhāḥ (facing towards).
एव (eva) - Emphasizing 'facing me'. (indeed, only, just, exactly)
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle.
अभिमुखाः (abhimukhāḥ) - Facing Arjuna. (facing, turned towards, confronted by)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of abhimukha
abhimukha - facing, turned towards, confronting, in front of
Compound of abhi (towards) and mukha (face).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhi+mukha)
- abhi – towards, against, upon
indeclinable
Preposition/prefix. - mukha – face, mouth, front
noun (neuter)
Note: Qualifies sarve.
सर्वे (sarve) - All the mentioned warriors. (all, everyone)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
Pronominal adjective.
तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - Are standing arrayed for battle. (stand, remain, abide)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of sthā
Root verb.
Root: sthā (class 1)
समरार्थिनः (samarārthinaḥ) - desiring battle, eager for battle
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of samarārthin
samarārthin - desiring battle, eager for battle
Tatpuruṣa compound: samara (battle) + arthin (desiring). 'Desiring battle'.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (samara+arthin)
- samara – battle, conflict, war
noun (masculine) - arthin – desiring, seeking, supplicant
adjective (masculine)
From artha (purpose, object, wealth) + in (possessing/agent suffix).
Note: Qualifies sarve.