महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-159, verse-17

निद्रान्धा नो बुबुधिरे कांचिच्चेष्टां नराधिपाः ।
तेऽन्योन्यं समरे योधाः प्रेषयन्त यमक्षयम् ॥१७॥

17. nidrāndhā no bubudhire kāṁcicceṣṭāṁ narādhipāḥ ,
te'nyonyaṁ samare yodhāḥ preṣayanta yamakṣayam.

17. nidrāndhāḥ no bubudhire kāṃcit ceṣṭām narādhipāḥ
te anyonyam samare yodhāḥ preṣayanta yamakṣayam

17. narādhipāḥ nidrāndhāḥ kāṃcit ceṣṭām no bubudhire
te yodhāḥ samare anyonyam yamakṣayam preṣayanta

17. The kings, blinded by sleep, did not perceive any movement. In that battle, those warriors sent each other to the abode of Yama (yamakṣayam), meaning death.

Words meanings summery:

• निद्रान्धाः (nidrāndhāḥ) - blinded by sleep, sleep-blinded

• नो (no) - not, no

• बुबुधिरे (bubudhire) - they perceived, they knew, they understood

• कांचित् (kāṁcit) - any, some

• चेष्टाम् (ceṣṭām) - movement, action, effort

• नराधिपाः (narādhipāḥ) - kings, rulers of men, lords of men

• ते (te) - those, they

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors, fighters

• प्रेषयन्त (preṣayanta) - they sent

• यमक्षयम् (yamakṣayam) - to the abode of Yama, to death

Words meanings and morphology

निद्रान्धाः (nidrāndhāḥ) - blinded by sleep, sleep-blinded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nidrāndha

nidrāndha - blinded by sleep

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nidrā+andha)

• nidrā – sleep, slumber, drowsiness
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: drā (class 2)
• andha – blind, ignorant, dull
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: andh

Note: Adjective agreeing with `narādhipāḥ`.

नो (no) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Represents the negative particle `na`.

बुबुधिरे (bubudhire) - they perceived, they knew, they understood

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (lit) of budh

Perfect Middle Voice

Intensive/reduplicated form from root `budh`.

Root: budh (class 1)

कांचित् (kāṁcit) - any, some

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kiṃcid

kiṁcid - something, anything, a little

Note: Agrees with `ceṣṭām`.

चेष्टाम् (ceṣṭām) - movement, action, effort

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ceṣṭā

ceṣṭā - movement, action, gesture, effort

From root `ceṣṭ` (to move).

Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Object of `bubudhire`.

नराधिपाः (narādhipāḥ) - kings, rulers of men, lords of men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, person, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master, king
  noun (masculine)
  From `adhi` (over) + root `pā` (to protect/rule).
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Subject of `bubudhire`.

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

Note: Subject, referring to `yodhāḥ`.

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anyonya

anyonya - mutual, each other, reciprocal

Note: Object of `preṣayanta`.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

From `saṃ` + root `mṛ` (to die) or `ram` (to play, delight).

Prefix: saṃ

Root: mṛ or ram

Note: Indicates location.

योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors, fighters

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier

From root `yudh` (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of `preṣayanta`.

प्रेषयन्त (preṣayanta) - they sent

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pra-iṣ

Imperfect Active Voice, Causative

Causative stem `preṣaya` from root `iṣ` with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

यमक्षयम् (yamakṣayam) - to the abode of Yama, to death

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yamakṣaya

yamakṣaya - Yama's abode, destruction by Yama, death

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yama+kṣaya)

• yama – Yama (god of death), restraint, twin
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: yam (class 1)
• kṣaya – abode, dwelling, destruction, loss, end
  noun (masculine)
  From root `kṣi` (to dwell, destroy).
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Object of `preṣayanta`, indicating destination.

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