महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-159, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
घटोत्कचे तु निहते सूतपुत्रेण तां निशाम् ।
दुःखामर्षवशं प्राप्तो धर्मपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
ghaṭotkace tu nihate sūtaputreṇa tāṁ niśām ,
duḥkhāmarṣavaśaṁ prāpto dharmaputro yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.

1. sañjayaḥ uvāca ghaṭotkace tu nihate sūtaputreṇa tām niśām
duḥkha-amarṣa-vaśam prāptaḥ dharma-putraḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ

1. sañjayaḥ uvāca tām niśām sūtaputreṇa ghaṭotkace tu nihate
dharma-putraḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ duḥkha-amarṣa-vaśam prāptaḥ

1. Sañjaya said: That night, after Ghatotkaca was killed by Karṇa, the son of Sūta, Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of the natural law (dharma), was overcome by grief and indignation.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• घटोत्कचे (ghaṭotkace) - in Ghatotkaca, when Ghatotkaca

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• निहते (nihate) - killed, slain

• सूतपुत्रेण (sūtaputreṇa) - by Karṇa (by the son of Sūta, by the charioteer's son)

• ताम् (tām) - that, her

• निशाम् (niśām) - night

• दुःख-अमर्ष-वशम् (duḥkha-amarṣa-vaśam) - the power of grief and indignation, under the influence of sorrow and anger

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained, reached, fallen into, undergone

• धर्म-पुत्रः (dharma-putraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (son of Dharma) (son of dharma, son of natural law)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - victorious, conqueror, Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

Root: √ji (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca

perfect active

root √vac, 3rd singular perfect active

Root: √vac (class 2)

घटोत्कचे (ghaṭotkace) - in Ghatotkaca, when Ghatotkaca

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ghaṭotkaca

ghaṭotkaca - Ghatotkaca (name of Bhīma's son)

Note: Used in an absolute construction with 'nihate'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

निहते (nihate) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, struck down

past passive participle

From prefix ni- + root √han (to strike, kill)

Prefix: ni

Root: √han (class 2)

Note: Used in an absolute construction with 'ghaṭotkace'.

सूतपुत्रेण (sūtaputreṇa) - by Karṇa (by the son of Sūta, by the charioteer's son)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer (sūta), Karṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer, son (of a kṣatriya father and brāhmaṇa mother)
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

ताम् (tām) - that, her

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, she, he

निशाम् (niśām) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of niśā

niśā - night

दुःख-अमर्ष-वशम् (duḥkha-amarṣa-vaśam) - the power of grief and indignation, under the influence of sorrow and anger

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duḥkha-amarṣa-vaśa

duḥkha-amarṣa-vaśa - sway of grief and indignation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+amarṣa+vaśa)

• duḥkha – grief, sorrow, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• amarṣa – indignation, impatience, resentment, anger
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix a- + root √mṛṣ (to bear, endure)
  Prefix: a
  Root: √mṛṣ (class 4)
• vaśa – will, power, control, sway
  noun (masculine)

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained, reached, fallen into, undergone

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, gained, happened, arrived

past passive participle

From prefix pra- + root √āp (to obtain, reach)

Prefix: pra

Root: √āp (class 5)

धर्म-पुत्रः (dharma-putraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (son of Dharma) (son of dharma, son of natural law)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma-putra

dharma-putra - son of dharma, righteous son

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+putra)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √dhṛ (class 1)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava, 'firm in battle')