महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-1, verse-5

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
निहतं पितरं श्रुत्वा धृतराष्ट्रो जनाधिपः ।
लेभे न शान्तिं कौरव्यश्चिन्ताशोकपरायणः ॥५॥

5. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
nihataṁ pitaraṁ śrutvā dhṛtarāṣṭro janādhipaḥ ,
lebhe na śāntiṁ kauravyaścintāśokaparāyaṇaḥ.

5. vaiśampāyana uvāca nihataṃ pitaram śrutvā dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ
janādhipaḥ lebhe na śāntim kauravyaḥ cintā-śoka-parāyaṇaḥ

5. vaiśampāyana uvāca janādhipaḥ kauravyaḥ dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ nihataṃ pitaram śrutvā cintā-śoka-parāyaṇaḥ (san) śāntim na lebhe.

5. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Hearing that his father (Bhishma) was slain, King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the Kuru prince, became entirely consumed by anxiety and grief, and found no peace.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• निहतम् (nihatam) - slain (Bhishma) (slain, killed, destroyed)

• पितरम् (pitaram) - father

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the king)

• जनाधिपः (janādhipaḥ) - king, ruler of people

• लेभे (lebhe) - he obtained, he gained, he received

• न (na) - not, no

• शान्तिम् (śāntim) - peace, tranquility, calmness

• कौरव्यः (kauravyaḥ) - the Kuru prince Dhṛtarāṣṭra (a Kuru prince, descendant of Kuru)

• चिन्ता-शोक-परायणः (cintā-śoka-parāyaṇaḥ) - entirely consumed by anxiety and grief (devoted to anxiety and grief, consumed by worry and sorrow)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - name of a sage, a disciple of Vyasa

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root vac (2nd conjugation, parasmaipada)

Root: vac (class 2)

निहतम् (nihatam) - slain (Bhishma) (slain, killed, destroyed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - slain, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from prefix ni- + root han (to strike, kill) with kta suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

पितरम् (pitaram) - father

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root śru (to hear) with tvā suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king, father of the Kauravas)

जनाधिपः (janādhipaḥ) - king, ruler of people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janādhipa

janādhipa - king, ruler of people, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+adhipa)

• jana – people, man, creature
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)

लेभे (lebhe) - he obtained, he gained, he received

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of labh

Root labh (1st conjugation, ātmanepada)

Root: labh (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शान्तिम् (śāntim) - peace, tranquility, calmness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śānti

śānti - peace, tranquility, calmness, rest

कौरव्यः (kauravyaḥ) - the Kuru prince Dhṛtarāṣṭra (a Kuru prince, descendant of Kuru)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru, a Kuru

From kuru + ya suffix (taddhita)

चिन्ता-शोक-परायणः (cintā-śoka-parāyaṇaḥ) - entirely consumed by anxiety and grief (devoted to anxiety and grief, consumed by worry and sorrow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cintāśokaparāyaṇa

cintāśokaparāyaṇa - devoted to anxiety and grief, absorbed in worry and sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cintā+śoka+parāyaṇa)

• cintā – anxiety, worry, thought
  noun (feminine)
• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
• parāyaṇa – devoted to, intent on, dependent on, chief object
  adjective (masculine)

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