महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-1, verse-49

तत्खण्डं पूरयामास परेषामादधद्भयम् ।
कृतवान्मम पुत्राणां जयाशां सफलामपि ॥४९॥

49. tatkhaṇḍaṁ pūrayāmāsa pareṣāmādadhadbhayam ,
kṛtavānmama putrāṇāṁ jayāśāṁ saphalāmapi.

49. tat khaṇḍam pūrayām āsa pareṣām ādadhat bhayam
kṛtavān mama putrāṇām jayāśām saphalām api

49. tat khaṇḍam pareṣām bhayam ādadhat pūrayām
āsa mama putrāṇām jayāśām api saphalām kṛtavān

49. He (Karna) filled that gap, striking fear into the enemies, and he even made the hope of victory of my (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) sons successful.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - refers to the 'gap' or 'section' mentioned previously (that, it)

• खण्डम् (khaṇḍam) - the weakened or unprotected section of the Kaurava army formation (part, section, break, gap)

• पूरयाम् (pūrayām) - filling, causing to fill

• आस (āsa) - auxiliary verb to form the periphrastic perfect with 'pūrayām' (he was, he became)

• परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of the Pandavas and their allies (of others, of enemies)

• आदधत् (ādadhat) - causing fear (causing, giving, inspiring)

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear, terror, dread

• कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - he made, he did, he accomplished

• मम (mama) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra speaking, so 'my' refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (my, of me)

• पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons, the Kauravas (of sons)

• जयाशाम् (jayāśām) - hope of victory

• सफलाम् (saphalām) - fruitful, successful, effective

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - refers to the 'gap' or 'section' mentioned previously (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it; he, she

खण्डम् (khaṇḍam) - the weakened or unprotected section of the Kaurava army formation (part, section, break, gap)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of khaṇḍa

khaṇḍa - part, section, piece, fragment; a gap, a break

पूरयाम् (pūrayām) - filling, causing to fill

(indeclinable)

secondary conjugation (causative)

form of the root pūr 'to fill', used in periphrastic perfect constructions (pūrayām āsa)

Root: pūr (class 10)

Note: Used in a periphrastic perfect construction with 'āsa'.

आस (āsa) - auxiliary verb to form the periphrastic perfect with 'pūrayām' (he was, he became)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of as

perfect

perfect active, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: as (class 2)

परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of the Pandavas and their allies (of others, of enemies)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another; enemy, opponent

आदधत् (ādadhat) - causing fear (causing, giving, inspiring)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ādadhat

ādadat - causing, giving, placing

Present Active Participle

P.A.P. of root dhā with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies the implied subject (Karna).

भयम् (bhayam) - fear, terror, dread

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, terror, dread

कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - he made, he did, he accomplished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavat

kṛtavat - having done, having made

Past Active Participle

P.A.P. of root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as a finite verb, referring to Karna.

मम (mama) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra speaking, so 'my' refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons, the Kauravas (of sons)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

जयाशाम् (jayāśām) - hope of victory

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jayāśā

jayāśā - hope of victory

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaya+āśā)

• jaya – victory, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• āśā – hope, expectation, desire
  noun (feminine)

सफलाम् (saphalām) - fruitful, successful, effective

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saphala

saphala - fruitful, successful, effective, accomplished

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+phala)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• phala – fruit, result, success
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'jayāśām'.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)