महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-1, verse-26

विधवेव वरारोहा शुष्कतोयेव निम्नगा ।
वृकैरिव वने रुद्धा पृषती हतयूथपा ॥२६॥

26. vidhaveva varārohā śuṣkatoyeva nimnagā ,
vṛkairiva vane ruddhā pṛṣatī hatayūthapā.

26. vidhavā iva varārohā śuṣkatoyā iva nimnagā
vṛkaiḥ iva vane ruddhā pṛṣatī hatayūthapā

26. varārohā vidhavā iva,
nimnagā śuṣkatoyā iva,
vane vṛkaiḥ iva ruddhā hatayūthapā pṛṣatī.

26. The Kuru army became like a beautiful woman widowed, or like a riverbed with dried-up water, or like a spotted deer whose herd-leader has been killed, restrained by wolves in the forest.

Words meanings summery:

• विधवा (vidhavā) - a widow (widow, a woman whose husband is dead)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• वरारोहा (varārohā) - a beautiful woman (a beautiful woman, a woman with beautiful hips/thighs)

• शुष्कतोया (śuṣkatoyā) - with dried-up water (having dry water, whose water is dry)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• निम्नगा (nimnagā) - riverbed (river, stream (lit. 'going downwards'))

• वृकैः (vṛkaiḥ) - by wolves

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• वने (vane) - in the forest (in the forest, in the woods)

• रुद्धा (ruddhā) - restrained (obstructed, restrained, besieged)

• पृषती (pṛṣatī) - a spotted deer (spotted deer, female deer)

• हतयूथपा (hatayūthapā) - whose herd-leader has been killed (whose herd-leader is killed, whose chief is slain)

Words meanings and morphology

विधवा (vidhavā) - a widow (widow, a woman whose husband is dead)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vidhavā

vidhavā - widow, a woman whose husband is dead

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

वरारोहा (varārohā) - a beautiful woman (a beautiful woman, a woman with beautiful hips/thighs)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of varārohā

varārohā - a beautiful woman, a woman with excellent hips/thighs

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vara+ārohā)

• vara – excellent, best, finest; boon, husband
  adjective (masculine)
• ārohā – hip, thigh
  noun (feminine)

Note: Acts as a descriptor for the widowed woman.

शुष्कतोया (śuṣkatoyā) - with dried-up water (having dry water, whose water is dry)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śuṣkatoyā

śuṣkatoyā - having dry water, whose water is dried up

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śuṣka+toya)

• śuṣka – dry, dried up, withered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'śuṣ' (to dry) with 'kta' suffix
  Root: śuṣ (class 4)
• toya – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Feminine form agreeing with 'nimnagā'.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

निम्नगा (nimnagā) - riverbed (river, stream (lit. 'going downwards'))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nimnagā

nimnagā - river, stream, anything going downwards

वृकैः (vṛkaiḥ) - by wolves

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vṛka

vṛka - wolf

Note: Instrumental of agency, 'restrained by wolves'.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

वने (vane) - in the forest (in the forest, in the woods)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

रुद्धा (ruddhā) - restrained (obstructed, restrained, besieged)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ruddha

ruddha - obstructed, checked, stopped, besieged, surrounded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'rudh' (to obstruct) with 'kta' suffix

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Feminine form agreeing with 'pṛṣatī'.

पृषती (pṛṣatī) - a spotted deer (spotted deer, female deer)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pṛṣatī

pṛṣatī - spotted deer, female deer

हतयूथपा (hatayūthapā) - whose herd-leader has been killed (whose herd-leader is killed, whose chief is slain)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hatayūthapā

hatayūthapā - having a slain leader of the herd/group

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+yūthapa)

• hata – killed, slain, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with 'kta' suffix
  Root: han (class 2)
• yūthapa – leader of a herd/group, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Feminine form agreeing with 'pṛṣatī'.