महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-1, verse-45

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तथा कर्णं युधि वरं कीर्तयन्तं पुनः पुनः ।
आशीविषवदुच्छ्वस्य धृतराष्ट्रोऽब्रवीदिदम् ॥४५॥

45. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tathā karṇaṁ yudhi varaṁ kīrtayantaṁ punaḥ punaḥ ,
āśīviṣavaducchvasya dhṛtarāṣṭro'bravīdidam.

45. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tathā karṇam yudhi varam kīrtayantam
punaḥ punaḥ āśīviṣavat ucchvasya dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ abravīt idam

45. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tathā yudhi varam karṇam punaḥ punaḥ
kīrtayantam āśīviṣavat ucchvasya dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ idam abravīt

45. Vaiśampāyana said: As (Sañjaya was) thus repeatedly praising Karṇa, the best in battle, Dhṛtarāṣṭra sighed like a venomous snake and spoke this.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of this part of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya. (Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - The great warrior Karṇa, son of Sūrya and Kuntī. (Karṇa (a hero in the Mahābhārata))

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

• वरम् (varam) - the best (warrior) (best, excellent, boon)

• कीर्तयन्तम् (kīrtayantam) - (Sañjaya) praising Karṇa (praising, celebrating)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• आशीविषवत् (āśīviṣavat) - like a venomous snake

• उच्छ्वस्य (ucchvasya) - having sighed, exhaled

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - The blind king, father of the Kauravas. (Dhṛtarāṣṭra (King of the Kauravas))

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• इदम् (idam) - this

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of this part of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya. (Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a famous sage, disciple of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect (liṭ)

3rd person singular perfect active of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

कर्णम् (karṇam) - The great warrior Karṇa, son of Sūrya and Kuntī. (Karṇa (a hero in the Mahābhārata))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; name of a prominent character in the Mahābhārata

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Root: yudh (class 4)

वरम् (varam) - the best (warrior) (best, excellent, boon)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, chief; a boon, choice

Root: vṛ (class 5)

कीर्तयन्तम् (kīrtayantam) - (Sañjaya) praising Karṇa (praising, celebrating)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kīrtayat

kīrtayat - praising, celebrating, proclaiming

Present Active Participle

From causative of root kṛt (to mention, to praise)

Root: kṛt (class 10)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

आशीविषवत् (āśīviṣavat) - like a venomous snake

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of āśīviṣavant (having āśīviṣa - venomous fangs)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (āśī+viṣa)

• āśī – fang, curved knife
  noun (feminine)
  Root: aś (class 5)
• viṣa – poison, venom
  noun (neuter)
  Root: viṣ (class 3)

Note: Adverbial suffix -vat added to āśīviṣa.

उच्छ्वस्य (ucchvasya) - having sighed, exhaled

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive from root śvas (to breathe) with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Formed with prefix ud and suffix -ya.

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - The blind king, father of the Kauravas. (Dhṛtarāṣṭra (King of the Kauravas))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra, name of the blind king, father of the Kauravas

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, maintained
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhṛ (to hold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rāj

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect (laṅ)

3rd person singular imperfect active of root brū

Root: brū (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Refers to the speech that follows.