महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-1, verse-27

स्वाधर्षा हतसिंहेव महती गिरिकन्दरा ।
भारती भरतश्रेष्ठ पतिते जाह्नवीसुते ॥२७॥

27. svādharṣā hatasiṁheva mahatī girikandarā ,
bhāratī bharataśreṣṭha patite jāhnavīsute.

27. svādharṣā hatasiṃhā iva mahatī girikandarā
bhāratī bharataśreṣṭha patite jāhnavīsute

27. bharataśreṣṭha,
jāhnavīsute patite,
mahatī bhāratī hatasiṃhā iva girikandarā svādharṣā.

27. O foremost of the Bharatas, when the son of Janhavi (Bhishma) fell, the great Bhārata army became like a mighty mountain cave whose protecting lion has been killed, now easily assailable.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वाधर्षा (svādharṣā) - easily assailable (easily assailable, easily attacked, vulnerable)

• हतसिंहा (hatasiṁhā) - whose protecting lion has been killed (whose lion is killed, deprived of its lion)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• महती (mahatī) - mighty (great, large, mighty)

• गिरिकन्दरा (girikandarā) - mountain cave (mountain cave, mountain cavern)

• भारती (bhāratī) - the Bhārata army (relating to Bharata, the Bhārata army/tribe, speech)

• भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O foremost of the Bharatas (Dhritarashtra) (O best of Bharatas)

• पतिते (patite) - when Bhishma fell (having fallen, when fallen)

• जाह्नवीसुते (jāhnavīsute) - when Bhishma, the son of Janhavi, fell (in the son of Janhavi, the son of Ganga)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वाधर्षा (svādharṣā) - easily assailable (easily assailable, easily attacked, vulnerable)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of svādharṣā

svādharṣā - easily assailable, easily overcome, vulnerable

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+adharṣa)

• su – good, well, easily
  indeclinable
• adharṣa – unconquerable, irresistible
  adjective (masculine)
  Negative compound of 'dharṣa', derived from root 'dhṛṣ' (to dare, attack)
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Feminine form agreeing with 'girikandarā'.

हतसिंहा (hatasiṁhā) - whose protecting lion has been killed (whose lion is killed, deprived of its lion)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hatasiṃhā

hatasiṁhā - having its lion killed, deprived of a lion

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+siṃha)

• hata – killed, slain, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with 'kta' suffix
  Root: han (class 2)
• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Feminine form agreeing with 'girikandarā'.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

महती (mahatī) - mighty (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, extensive

Note: Feminine form agreeing with 'girikandarā'.

गिरिकन्दरा (girikandarā) - mountain cave (mountain cave, mountain cavern)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of girikandarā

girikandarā - mountain cave, mountain cavern

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (giri+kandarā)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• kandarā – cave, grotto, cavern
  noun (feminine)

भारती (bhāratī) - the Bhārata army (relating to Bharata, the Bhārata army/tribe, speech)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāratī

bhāratī - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, the Bhārata army/nation, speech, Saraswati

Note: The subject of the main clause, implied 'babhūva' is understood from the previous verse.

भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O foremost of the Bharatas (Dhritarashtra) (O best of Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharataśreṣṭha

bharataśreṣṭha - best among the Bharatas, foremost of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, a king, an Indian
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree from 'praśasya'

Note: Address to Dhritarashtra by Sanjaya.

पतिते (patite) - when Bhishma fell (having fallen, when fallen)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, degraded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'pat' (to fall) with 'kta' suffix

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially as a locative absolute construction.

जाह्नवीसुते (jāhnavīsute) - when Bhishma, the son of Janhavi, fell (in the son of Janhavi, the son of Ganga)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of jāhnavīsuta

jāhnavīsuta - son of Janhavi (Ganga), Bhishma

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jāhnavī+suta)

• jāhnavī – daughter of Jahnu, Ganga river
  proper noun (feminine)
• suta – son, offspring
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'sū' (to beget)
  Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Locative absolute construction, referring to Bhishma.