महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-1, verse-39

एवमुक्त्वा महाराज दशाहानि महायशाः ।
नायुध्यत ततः कर्णः पुत्रस्य तव संमते ॥३९॥

39. evamuktvā mahārāja daśāhāni mahāyaśāḥ ,
nāyudhyata tataḥ karṇaḥ putrasya tava saṁmate.

39. evam uktvā mahārāja daśa ahāni mahāyaśāḥ na
ayudhyata tataḥ karṇaḥ putrasya tava saṃmate

39. mahārāja evam uktvā,
mahāyaśāḥ karṇaḥ tataḥ putrasya tava saṃmate daśa ahāni na ayudhyata

39. O great king, having spoken thus, the greatly renowned Karna did not fight for ten days thereafter, with your son's (Duryodhana's) consent.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken (thus) (having said, having spoken)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (Dhritarashtra) (O great king)

• दश (daśa) - ten

• अहानि (ahāni) - days

• महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - the greatly renowned one (Karna) (greatly renowned, very famous)

• न (na) - not

• अयुध्यत (ayudhyata) - he fought (he fought (imperfect))

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter (then, thereafter, from there)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (Karna (a proper name))

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of your son (Duryodhana) (of the son)

• तव (tava) - your (of Dhritarashtra) (your)

• संमते (saṁmate) - with the consent (of your son) (in the opinion, with the consent, approved)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken (thus) (having said, having spoken)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

derived from root vac (to speak) with ktvā suffix

Root: vac (class 2)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (Dhritarashtra) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with `ahāni`.

अहानि (ahāni) - days

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of ahan

ahan - day

Note: Expresses duration of time (accusative of duration).

महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - the greatly renowned one (Karna) (greatly renowned, very famous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - greatly renowned, very famous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+yaśas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• yaśas – fame, glory, renown
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Karna.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb `ayudhyata`.

अयुध्यत (ayudhyata) - he fought (he fought (imperfect))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Past Imperfect Tense, Middle Voice

root yudh, conjugated in ātmanepada, laṅ lakāra, 3rd person singular

Root: yudh (class 4)

ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter (then, thereafter, from there)

(indeclinable)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (Karna (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (a proper name), ear

Note: Subject of `na ayudhyata`.

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of your son (Duryodhana) (of the son)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Governed by `saṃmate`.

तव (tava) - your (of Dhritarashtra) (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular, dual, plural)

Note: Possessive pronoun, refers to `putrasya`.

संमते (saṁmate) - with the consent (of your son) (in the opinion, with the consent, approved)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃmata

saṁmata - agreed, approved, consented to, in agreement with

Past Passive Participle

derived from root man (to think) with prefix sam and kta suffix

Prefix: sam

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Functions adverbially or as a locative of condition.