महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-1, verse-35

रथातिरथसंख्यायां योऽग्रणीः शूरसंमतः ।
पितृवित्ताम्बुदेवेशानपि यो योद्धुमुत्सहेत् ॥३५॥

35. rathātirathasaṁkhyāyāṁ yo'graṇīḥ śūrasaṁmataḥ ,
pitṛvittāmbudeveśānapi yo yoddhumutsahet.

35. ratha atiratha saṃkhyāyām yaḥ agraṇīḥ śūrasaṃmataḥ
pitṛ vitta ambudeva īśān api yaḥ yoddhum utsahet

35. yaḥ rathātirathasaṃkhyāyām śūrasaṃmataḥ agraṇīḥ
yaḥ pitṛ vitta ambudeva īśān api yoddhum utsahet

35. He who is the foremost, esteemed by valiant warriors, in the ranking of 'Ratha' (chariot warrior) and 'Atiratha' (great chariot warrior); he who would dare to fight even the ancestral spirits (pitṛs), the god of wealth (Kubera), the god of water (Varuṇa), and the supreme lords (Īśānas).

Words meanings summery:

• रथ (ratha) - chariot warrior (a rank) (chariot, charioteer, warrior)

• अतिरथ (atiratha) - great chariot warrior (a rank) (great chariot warrior, a warrior stronger than a Ratha)

• संख्यायाम् (saṁkhyāyām) - in the ranking/classification of Ratha and Atiratha warriors (in the counting, in the reckoning, in the classification)

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (referring to Karṇa) (who, which)

• अग्रणीः (agraṇīḥ) - the foremost one (leader, foremost, chief)

• शूरसंमतः (śūrasaṁmataḥ) - esteemed by heroes, approved by heroes

• पितृ (pitṛ) - ancestral spirits (pitṛs) (father, ancestor, ancestral spirit)

• वित्त (vitta) - the god of wealth (Kubera) (wealth, property; known, found; god of wealth (Kubera))

• अम्बुदेव (ambudeva) - the god of water (Varuṇa) (water-god, Varuna)

• ईशान् (īśān) - the supreme lords (Īśānas), referring to a class of deities or specific ones like Indra/Shiva. (lords, rulers, Shiva (Īśāna))

• अपि (api) - even (emphasizing the difficulty) (also, even, too)

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (referring to Karṇa) (who, which)

• योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight

• उत्सहेत् (utsahet) - he would dare to (fight) (he would dare, he would be able, he would undertake)

Words meanings and morphology

रथ (ratha) - chariot warrior (a rank) (chariot, charioteer, warrior)

(noun)

masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, a warrior fighting from a chariot

अतिरथ (atiratha) - great chariot warrior (a rank) (great chariot warrior, a warrior stronger than a Ratha)

(noun)

masculine, singular of atiratha

atiratha - chief warrior, a great chariot fighter (superior to 'ratha')

Compound with 'ati' (beyond, superior) + 'ratha' (chariot/warrior).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+ratha)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, very
  indeclinable
  Preposition/prefix.
• ratha – chariot, charioteer
  noun (masculine)

संख्यायाम् (saṁkhyāyām) - in the ranking/classification of Ratha and Atiratha warriors (in the counting, in the reckoning, in the classification)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of saṃkhyā

saṁkhyā - number, enumeration, counting, classification

From 'sam' + √khyā. It forms a compound with 'ratha-atiratha' (Dvandva of Ratha and Atiratha, then Tatpurusha with Saṃkhyā).

Prefix: sam

Root: khyā (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - he who (referring to Karṇa) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Karṇa implicitly.

अग्रणीः (agraṇīḥ) - the foremost one (leader, foremost, chief)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agraṇī

agraṇī - leader, guide, foremost

Compound of 'agra' (front) + 'ṇī' (leader, from √nī).

Compound type : tatpurusha (agra+ṇī)

• agra – front, top, chief
  noun (neuter)
• ṇī – leading, leader
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From √nī (to lead) + ṇī suffix.
  Root: nī (class 1)

शूरसंमतः (śūrasaṁmataḥ) - esteemed by heroes, approved by heroes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūrasaṃmata

śūrasaṁmata - approved by heroes, esteemed by warriors

Tatpurusha compound: 'śūra' (hero) + 'saṃmata' (esteemed, approved).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śūra+saṃmata)

• śūra – hero, warrior, brave
  noun (masculine)
• saṃmata – esteemed, approved, agreed upon
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √man (to think, believe) with prefix 'sam'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: man (class 4)

पितृ (pitṛ) - ancestral spirits (pitṛs) (father, ancestor, ancestral spirit)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor, ancestral spirit, a class of deities

Note: Object of 'yoddhum'.

वित्त (vitta) - the god of wealth (Kubera) (wealth, property; known, found; god of wealth (Kubera))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vitta

vitta - wealth, property, riches; a found object; also refers to Kubera (the god of wealth)

Past Passive Participle (from √vid) / Noun

From √vid (to find, obtain, know). Here functions as a noun, personified as Kubera.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Object of 'yoddhum'.

अम्बुदेव (ambudeva) - the god of water (Varuṇa) (water-god, Varuna)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ambudeva

ambudeva - water-god, Varuna

Compound of 'ambu' (water) + 'deva' (god).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ambu+deva)

• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'yoddhum'.

ईशान् (īśān) - the supreme lords (Īśānas), referring to a class of deities or specific ones like Indra/Shiva. (lords, rulers, Shiva (Īśāna))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of īśāna

īśāna - lord, master, ruler; a name of Śiva, a name of Indra

From √īś (to rule, to be master of) + āna suffix.

Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Object of 'yoddhum'.

अपि (api) - even (emphasizing the difficulty) (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

यः (yaḥ) - he who (referring to Karṇa) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Karṇa implicitly.

योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight

(infinitive)

उत्सहेत् (utsahet) - he would dare to (fight) (he would dare, he would be able, he would undertake)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (Liṅ) of √sah

Optative Active

3rd person singular Optative active from √sah (1st class: sahate) with prefix 'ud' (changed to ut before 's').

Prefix: ud

Root: sah (class 1)