महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-90, verse-4

तदन्तरं च संप्रेक्ष्य त्वरमाणो महारथः ।
संदधे निशितं बाणं गिरीणामपि दारणम् ।
तेनोरसि महाबाहुर्भीमसेनमताडयत् ॥४॥

4. tadantaraṁ ca saṁprekṣya tvaramāṇo mahārathaḥ ,
saṁdadhe niśitaṁ bāṇaṁ girīṇāmapi dāraṇam ,
tenorasi mahābāhurbhīmasenamatāḍayat.

4. tat antaram ca samprekṣya tvaramāṇaḥ
mahārathaḥ | saṃdadhe niśitam
bāṇam girīṇām api dāraṇam | tena
urasi mahābāhuḥ bhīmasenam atāḍayat

4. mahārathaḥ tvaramāṇaḥ tat antaram
ca samprekṣya girīṇām api dāraṇam
niśitam bāṇam saṃdadhe mahābāhuḥ
tena urasi bhīmasenam atāḍayat

4. Perceiving that opportune moment, the great charioteer, hurrying, fitted a sharp arrow capable of splitting even mountains. With that, the mighty-armed warrior struck Bhimasena in the chest.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (that, then)

• अन्तरम् (antaram) - opportune moment (interval, space, opportunity)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - perceiving (having perceived, seeing)

• त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - hurrying (hurrying, hastening)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer (great charioteer, great warrior)

• संदधे (saṁdadhe) - fitted (an arrow) (he fitted, he placed, he put together)

• निशितम् (niśitam) - sharp (sharpened, keen, whetted)

• बाणम् (bāṇam) - arrow

• गिरीणाम् (girīṇām) - of mountains

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• दारणम् (dāraṇam) - capable of splitting/piercing (splitting, tearing, piercing)

• तेन (tena) - with that (arrow) (by that, with that)

• उरसि (urasi) - in the chest (in the chest, on the breast)

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed warrior (mighty-armed, strong-armed)

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhimasena (Bhimasena (name))

• अताडयत् (atāḍayat) - struck (he struck, he hit)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (that, then)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, then, therefore

Note: Can also be nominative neuter singular, but accusative fits here (object of 'perceiving').

अन्तरम् (antaram) - opportune moment (interval, space, opportunity)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - interval, space, inner part, difference, opportunity

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - perceiving (having perceived, seeing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from √īkṣ (to see) with prefixes sam- and pra-.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - hurrying (hurrying, hastening)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvaramāṇa

tvaramāṇa - hurrying, hastening, quick

present active participle (ātmanepada)

Derived from √tvar (to hurry) in present participle form.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'mahārathaḥ'.

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer (great charioteer, great warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, a warrior who can fight ten thousand archers, a great charioteer

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (in a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence, performs the action of fitting the arrow.

संदधे (saṁdadhe) - fitted (an arrow) (he fitted, he placed, he put together)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, ātmanepada, perfect (liṭ) of dhā

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

निशितम् (niśitam) - sharp (sharpened, keen, whetted)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of niśita

niśita - sharpened, keen, whetted, made sharp

past passive participle

Derived from √śo (to sharpen) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'bāṇam'.

बाणम् (bāṇam) - arrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Object of 'saṃdadhe'.

गिरीणाम् (girīṇām) - of mountains

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of giri

giri - mountain, hill

Note: Possessive case, connected to 'dāraṇam'.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

दारणम् (dāraṇam) - capable of splitting/piercing (splitting, tearing, piercing)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dāraṇa

dāraṇa - tearing, rending, splitting, piercing, a weapon for splitting

causative noun/adjective

Derived from causative of √dṝ (to tear, split). Here used as an adjective.

Root: dṝ (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'bāṇam'.

तेन (tena) - with that (arrow) (by that, with that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, then, therefore

Note: Refers to the arrow (bāṇa).

उरसि (urasi) - in the chest (in the chest, on the breast)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of uras

uras - chest, breast, bosom, front

Note: Location of the striking action.

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed warrior (mighty-armed, strong-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - having great arms, strong-armed, mighty-armed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm, fore-arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'atāḍayat'.

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhimasena (Bhimasena (name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (name of the second Pandava)

Note: Object of 'atāḍayat'.

अताडयत् (atāḍayat) - struck (he struck, he hit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of taḍ

Root: taḍ (class 10)

Note: The 'a' prefix denotes imperfect tense.