महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-90, verse-23

तावापतन्तौ सहितौ त्वरितौ बलिनां वरौ ।
अभ्यधावत वेगेन त्वरमाणो वृकोदरः ॥२३॥

23. tāvāpatantau sahitau tvaritau balināṁ varau ,
abhyadhāvata vegena tvaramāṇo vṛkodaraḥ.

23. tau āpatantau sahitau tvaritau balinām varau
abhyadhāvata vegena tvaramāṇaḥ vṛkodaraḥ

23. vṛkodaraḥ tvaramāṇaḥ (san),
tau sahitau tvaritau balinām varau āpatantau (dṛṣṭvā),
vegena abhyadhāvata

23. As those two—swift, and the foremost among the strong—approached together, Vrikodara (Bhimasena), also moving swiftly, rushed towards them with great speed.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two

• आपतन्तौ (āpatantau) - approaching, coming near

• सहितौ (sahitau) - together, accompanied

• त्वरितौ (tvaritau) - swift, quick

• बलिनाम् (balinām) - of the strong ones

• वरौ (varau) - best, excellent

• अभ्यधावत (abhyadhāvata) - he rushed towards

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, quickly

• त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - speeding, moving swiftly, hastening

• वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Bhimasena (Vrikodara (epithet of Bhimasena))

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

आपतन्तौ (āpatantau) - approaching, coming near

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of āpatat

āpatat - approaching, falling upon

Present Active Participle

Derived from verb root pat (to fall, fly) with prefix ā (towards), suffix -at forming a participle.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adjective.

सहितौ (sahitau) - together, accompanied

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sahita

sahita - accompanied, together with

त्वरितौ (tvaritau) - swift, quick

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tvarita

tvarita - swift, quick, hurried

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root tvar (to hasten).

Root: tvar (class 1)

बलिनाम् (balinām) - of the strong ones

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of balin

balin - strong, powerful

Derived from 'bala' (strength) with suffix -in.

Note: Used substantively.

वरौ (varau) - best, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vara

vara - best, excellent, boon, choice

अभ्यधावत (abhyadhāvata) - he rushed towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abhyadhāv

Root dhāv (to run) with prefixes abhi (towards) and adhi (on, over).

Prefixes: abhi+adhi

Root: dhāv (class 1)

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, quickly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, impulse

त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - speeding, moving swiftly, hastening

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvaramāṇa

tvaramāṇa - hastening, moving quickly

Present Middle Participle

Derived from verb root tvar (to hasten) with middle voice participle suffix -māna.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adjective modifying 'Vṛkodaraḥ'.

वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Bhimasena (Vrikodara (epithet of Bhimasena))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - wolf-bellied, voracious, an epithet of Bhimasena

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛka+udara)

• vṛka – wolf
  noun (masculine)
• udara – belly, stomach
  noun (neuter)