महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-90, verse-17

तं प्रत्यविध्यद्दशभिर्भीमसेनः शिलीमुखैः ।
त्वरमाणो महेष्वासः सव्ये पार्श्वे महाबलः ॥१७॥

17. taṁ pratyavidhyaddaśabhirbhīmasenaḥ śilīmukhaiḥ ,
tvaramāṇo maheṣvāsaḥ savye pārśve mahābalaḥ.

17. tam prati avidhyat daśabhiḥ bhīmasenaḥ śilīmūkhaiḥ
tvaramāṇaḥ maheṣvāsaḥ savye pārśve mahābalaḥ

17. tvaramāṇaḥ mahābalaḥ maheṣvāsaḥ bhīmasenaḥ savye
pārśve daśabhiḥ śilīmūkhaiḥ tam prati avidhyat

17. Hastening, the mighty (mahābala) and great archer (maheṣvāsa) Bhīmasena struck him back on the left side with ten arrows (śilīmukha).

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Referring to the mighty-armed warrior (Droṇa) from the previous verse. (him, that one)

• प्रति (prati) - Indicates reciprocal action, 'back'. (towards, against, in return)

• अविध्यत् (avidhyat) - Refers to Bhīmasena's act of striking back. (he pierced, he struck)

• दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena

• शिलीमूखैः (śilīmūkhaiḥ) - Specifically arrows, although literally 'sharp-pointed ones'. (with arrows)

• त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - Describing Bhīmasena's swift action. (hastening, hurrying)

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - An epithet for Bhīmasena. (great archer, mighty bowman)

• सव्ये (savye) - on the left

• पार्श्वे (pārśve) - on the side

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - An epithet for Bhīmasena. (mighty, greatly powerful)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Referring to the mighty-armed warrior (Droṇa) from the previous verse. (him, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रति (prati) - Indicates reciprocal action, 'back'. (towards, against, in return)

(indeclinable)

Preposition/prefix. In this context, functions as an adverbial particle with the verb.

Note: Acts as a verbal prefix in combination with `avidhyat`.

अविध्यत् (avidhyat) - Refers to Bhīmasena's act of striking back. (he pierced, he struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyadh

Imperfect 3rd person singular, parasmaipada. Root vyadh- (to pierce, strike)

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Formed from `a` (augment) + `vyadh` (root, Class 4, `vidhyati`) + `at` (ending).

दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten

(numeral)

Note: Modifies `śilīmūkhaiḥ`.

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (a Pāṇḍava prince)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

शिलीमूखैः (śilīmūkhaiḥ) - Specifically arrows, although literally 'sharp-pointed ones'. (with arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śilīmukha

śilīmukha - arrow, dart, bee (lit. 'stone-faced' or 'sharp-mouthed')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śilī+mukha)

• śilī – sharp edge, point
  noun (feminine)
  feminine form of śila (rock, stone), can mean sharpness
• mukha – face, mouth, point
  noun (neuter)

Note: Instrument by which Bhīmasena struck.

त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - Describing Bhīmasena's swift action. (hastening, hurrying)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvaramāṇa

tvaramāṇa - hastening, speeding

present active participle

Present Middle Participle (śānac) from root tvar (to hurry, hasten)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Adjectival to Bhīmasena.

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - An epithet for Bhīmasena. (great archer, mighty bowman)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, mighty bowman

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow, archer
  noun (masculine)
  from iṣu (arrow) + āsa (throwing, wielding)
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Epithet of Bhīmasena.

सव्ये (savye) - on the left

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of savya

savya - left (side)

Note: Modifies `pārśve`.

पार्श्वे (pārśve) - on the side

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pārśva

pārśva - side, flank

Note: Location of the strike.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - An epithet for Bhīmasena. (mighty, greatly powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - mighty, greatly powerful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 1)

Note: Epithet of Bhīmasena.