महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-90, verse-28

स विस्फार्य महच्चापं द्रौणिं विव्याध पत्रिणा ।
यथा शक्रो महाराज पुरा विव्याध दानवम् ॥२८॥

28. sa visphārya mahaccāpaṁ drauṇiṁ vivyādha patriṇā ,
yathā śakro mahārāja purā vivyādha dānavam.

28. sa visphārya mahat cāpam drauṇim vivyādha patrinā
yathā śakraḥ mahārāja purā vivyādha dānavam

28. sa mahat cāpam visphārya patrinā drauṇim vivyādha
yathā mahārāja śakraḥ purā dānavam vivyādha

28. Having drawn his great bow, he struck Drauni with an arrow, just as Indra, O great king, previously struck the demon.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having drawn (a bow) (having drawn, having stretched, having expanded)

• महत् (mahat) - great, large

• चापम् (cāpam) - bow

• द्रौणिम् (drauṇim) - Drauni (son of Drona)

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - struck, pierced

• पत्रिना (patrinā) - with an arrow (with an arrow, with a winged one)

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra, the mighty one

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - struck, pierced

• दानवम् (dānavam) - demon, son of Danu

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having drawn (a bow) (having drawn, having stretched, having expanded)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from vi- + √sphāy (to swell, expand), causative, then -ya suffix for absolutive

Prefix: vi

Root: sphāy (class 1)

महत् (mahat) - great, large

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'cāpam'.

चापम् (cāpam) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cāpa

cāpa - bow

द्रौणिम् (drauṇim) - Drauni (son of Drona)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - Drauni, son of Drona (Aśvatthāman)

patronymic from Droṇa

विव्याध (vivyādha) - struck, pierced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √vyadh

perfect active

third person singular, perfect active, Parasmaipada

Root: vyadh (class 4)

पत्रिना (patrinā) - with an arrow (with an arrow, with a winged one)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of patrin

patrin - having wings, winged, an arrow, a bird

Note: Refers to an arrow.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra, the mighty one

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra, the powerful one

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

विव्याध (vivyādha) - struck, pierced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √vyadh

perfect active

third person singular, perfect active, Parasmaipada

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Repetition of the verb.

दानवम् (dānavam) - demon, son of Danu

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dānava

dānava - a demon, son of Danu

patronymic from Danu

Note: Object of 'vivyādha'.