महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-90, verse-33

सप्तमेन च भल्लेन नीलं विव्याध वक्षसि ।
स गाढविद्धो व्यथितो रथोपस्थ उपाविशत् ॥३३॥

33. saptamena ca bhallena nīlaṁ vivyādha vakṣasi ,
sa gāḍhaviddho vyathito rathopastha upāviśat.

33. saptamena ca bhallena nīlam vivyādha vakṣasi
saḥ gāḍhaviddhaḥ vyathitaḥ rathopasthe upāviśat

33. ca saptamena bhallena nīlam vakṣasi vivyādha.
saḥ gāḍhaviddhaḥ vyathitaḥ rathopasthe upāviśat.

33. And with the seventh arrow, he struck Nīla in the chest. Deeply pierced and in pain, Nīla sat down in the chariot's seat.

Words meanings summery:

• सप्तमेन (saptamena) - with the seventh

• च (ca) - and

• भल्लेन (bhallena) - with an arrow, with a lance

• नीलम् (nīlam) - Nīla, the monkey general (Nīla (proper name))

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, struck, wounded

• वक्षसि (vakṣasi) - in the chest

• सः (saḥ) - Nīla (he)

• गाढविद्धः (gāḍhaviddhaḥ) - deeply pierced, severely wounded

• व्यथितः (vyathitaḥ) - distressed, agitated, in pain

• रथोपस्थे (rathopasthe) - in the chariot-seat

• उपाविशत् (upāviśat) - he sat down

Words meanings and morphology

सप्तमेन (saptamena) - with the seventh

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saptama

saptama - seventh

Ordinal number derived from 'saptan' (seven).

Note: Qualifies 'bhallena'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects with previous actions or introduces a new detail.

भल्लेन (bhallena) - with an arrow, with a lance

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhalla

bhalla - an arrow, a spear, a lance

Root: bhall (class 1)

Note: Instrument of the action 'vivyādha'.

नीलम् (nīlam) - Nīla, the monkey general (Nīla (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nīla

nīla - Nīla (a proper name), blue, dark blue, sapphire

Note: Object of 'vivyādha'.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, struck, wounded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vyadh

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Perfect form of root 'vyadh'.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: The subject is implied, the one shooting arrows (likely Duryodhana or an ally).

वक्षसि (vakṣasi) - in the chest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vakṣas

vakṣas - chest, breast, bosom

A neuter noun ending in -as.

Note: Location where Nīla was pierced.

सः (saḥ) - Nīla (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Nīla.

गाढविद्धः (gāḍhaviddhaḥ) - deeply pierced, severely wounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gāḍhaviddha

gāḍhaviddha - deeply pierced, severely wounded

Compound: gāḍha (deeply) + viddha (pierced). 'Viddha' is the past passive participle of 'vyadh' (to pierce).

Compound type : tatpurusha (gāḍha+viddha)

• gāḍha – deep, firm, intense, deeply, firmly
  adjective (masculine)
• viddha – pierced, struck, wounded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'vyadh' (to pierce).
  Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'saḥ' (Nīla).

व्यथितः (vyathitaḥ) - distressed, agitated, in pain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyathita

vyathita - distressed, agitated, troubled, in pain, suffering

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'vyath' (to be distressed).

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'saḥ' (Nīla).

रथोपस्थे (rathopasthe) - in the chariot-seat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rathopastha

rathopastha - chariot-seat, a part of a chariot

Compound: ratha (chariot) + upastha (seat, lap, proximity).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+upastha)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'ram' (to delight) or 'rādh' (to arrange).
  Root: ram
• upastha – lap, seat, proximity
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix 'upa' and root 'sthā' (to stand).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Location of Nīla's sitting.

उपाविशत् (upāviśat) - he sat down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of upavis

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

Imperfect form of root 'viś' with prefix 'upa'.

Prefix: upa

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Subject is 'saḥ' (Nīla).