महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-110, verse-16

छत्रैश्च बहुधा छिन्नैर्ध्वजैश्च विनिपातितैः ।
अङ्कुशैरपविद्धैश्च परिस्तोमैश्च भारत ॥१६॥

16. chatraiśca bahudhā chinnairdhvajaiśca vinipātitaiḥ ,
aṅkuśairapaviddhaiśca paristomaiśca bhārata.

16. chatraiḥ ca bahudhā chinnaiḥ dhvajaiḥ ca vinipātitaiḥ
| aṅkuśaiḥ ca apaviddhaiḥ ca paristomaiḥ ca bhārata

16. bhārata (medinī samāstīryata) ca bahudhā chinnaiḥ chatraiḥ ca vinipātitaiḥ dhvajaiḥ ca apaviddhaiḥ aṅkuśaiḥ ca paristomaiḥ.

16. O Bhārata, (the ground was also covered) with umbrellas shattered in many places, with banners thrown down, with discarded elephant goads, and with horse-coverings.

Words meanings summery:

• छत्रैः (chatraiḥ) - by umbrellas, by parasols

• च (ca) - and

• बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, manifoldly, variously

• छिन्नैः (chinnaiḥ) - by the cut, by the shattered, by the broken

• ध्वजैः (dhvajaiḥ) - by banners, by standards

• च (ca) - and

• विनिपातितैः (vinipātitaiḥ) - by the thrown down, by the overthrown

• अङ्कुशैः (aṅkuśaiḥ) - elephant goads (by goads, by hooks)

• च (ca) - and

• अपविद्धैः (apaviddhaiḥ) - by the discarded, by the cast away

• च (ca) - and

• परिस्तोमैः (paristomaiḥ) - by horse-covers, by trappings

• च (ca) - and

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

छत्रैः (chatraiḥ) - by umbrellas, by parasols

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of chatra

chatra - umbrella, parasol, canopy

Root: chad

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, manifoldly, variously

(indeclinable)

From bahu (many) + dhā (suffix for 'in many ways')

Note: Qualifies chinnaiḥ

छिन्नैः (chinnaiḥ) - by the cut, by the shattered, by the broken

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of chinna

chinna - cut, split, broken, torn

Past Passive Participle

From root chid (to cut, split)

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Qualifies chatraiḥ

ध्वजैः (dhvajaiḥ) - by banners, by standards

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, flag, standard, ensign

Root: dhvaj (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विनिपातितैः (vinipātitaiḥ) - by the thrown down, by the overthrown

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vinipātita

vinipātita - thrown down, overthrown, fallen

Past Passive Participle

From prefixes vi + ni + root pat (to fall)

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies dhvajaiḥ

अङ्कुशैः (aṅkuśaiḥ) - elephant goads (by goads, by hooks)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aṅkuśa

aṅkuśa - goad (especially for elephants), hook, crook

Root: aṅk

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपविद्धैः (apaviddhaiḥ) - by the discarded, by the cast away

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of apaviddha

apaviddha - thrown away, cast off, discarded, abandoned

Past Passive Participle

From prefix apa + root vyadh (to pierce, strike), or more commonly related to viḍ (to throw).

Prefix: apa

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies aṅkuśaiḥ

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

परिस्तोमैः (paristomaiḥ) - by horse-covers, by trappings

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of paristoma

paristoma - horse-cloth, horse-trapping, saddle-cloth, covering

From prefix pari + root stu (to cover, spread) - a covering that surrounds.

Prefix: pari

Root: stu (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, India

From Bharata + aṇ (patronymic suffix)