महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-110, verse-33

उद्भ्रान्तैस्तुरगैः सोऽथ द्रवमाणैः समन्ततः ।
मागधोऽपहृतो राजा सर्वसैन्यस्य पश्यतः ॥३३॥

33. udbhrāntaisturagaiḥ so'tha dravamāṇaiḥ samantataḥ ,
māgadho'pahṛto rājā sarvasainyasya paśyataḥ.

33. udbhrāntaiḥ turagaiḥ saḥ atha dravamāṇaiḥ samantataḥ
māgadhaḥ apahṛtaḥ rājā sarvasainyasya paśyataḥ

33. atha udbhrāntaiḥ samantataḥ dravamāṇaiḥ turagaiḥ saḥ
māgadhaḥ rājā apahṛtaḥ [āsīt] sarvasainyasya paśyataḥ

33. Then, as his horses, bewildered and fleeing in all directions, carried him away, that King of Magadha (Jayatsena) was borne off while the entire army watched.

Words meanings summery:

• उद्भ्रान्तैः (udbhrāntaiḥ) - by bewildered (by maddened, by bewildered, by agitated)

• तुरगैः (turagaiḥ) - by his horses (by horses)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Jayatsena) (he, that)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

• द्रवमाणैः (dravamāṇaiḥ) - by fleeing (by running, by fleeing)

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - in all directions (on all sides, everywhere)

• मागधः (māgadhaḥ) - the King of Magadha (Jayatsena) (a native of Magadha, king of Magadha)

• अपहृतः (apahṛtaḥ) - was borne off (carried away, abducted, taken away)

• राजा (rājā) - king (Jayatsena) (king)

• सर्वसैन्यस्य (sarvasainyasya) - of the entire army (of the entire army, of all the forces)

• पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - while watching (the entire army watching) (of seeing, while seeing, of the one seeing)

Words meanings and morphology

उद्भ्रान्तैः (udbhrāntaiḥ) - by bewildered (by maddened, by bewildered, by agitated)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of udbhrānta

udbhrānta - bewildered, agitated, maddened, gone astray

Past Passive Participle

From root bhram (to wander) with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: bhram (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'turagaiḥ'.

तुरगैः (turagaiḥ) - by his horses (by horses)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of turaga

turaga - horse (lit. 'going quickly')

Compound type : tatpurusha (tū+ga)

• tū – quickly
  indeclinable
• ga – going, moving
  adjective
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The agent of carrying away the king.

सः (saḥ) - he (Jayatsena) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to King Jayatsena.

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Denotes sequence of events.

द्रवमाणैः (dravamāṇaiḥ) - by fleeing (by running, by fleeing)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dravat

dravat - running, fleeing, flowing

Present Middle Participle

From root dru (to run, flee), with middle voice suffix

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'turagaiḥ', indicating their state/action.

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - in all directions (on all sides, everywhere)

(indeclinable)

Derived from samanta (all-sided) with suffix -tas

Note: Modifies 'dravamāṇaiḥ'.

मागधः (māgadhaḥ) - the King of Magadha (Jayatsena) (a native of Magadha, king of Magadha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of māgadha

māgadha - native of Magadha, king of Magadha

Derived from Magadha + aṇ (patronymic/territorial suffix)

Note: Refers to King Jayatsena.

अपहृतः (apahṛtaḥ) - was borne off (carried away, abducted, taken away)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apahṛta

apahṛta - carried away, taken away, abducted, stolen

Past Passive Participle

From root hṛ (to carry) with prefix apa-

Prefix: apa

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'saḥ rājā'. Implies 'was carried away'.

राजा (rājā) - king (Jayatsena) (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Appositive to 'māgadhaḥ' and 'saḥ'.

सर्वसैन्यस्य (sarvasainyasya) - of the entire army (of the entire army, of all the forces)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sarvasainya

sarvasainya - entire army, all forces

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+sainya)

• sarva – all, every, entire
  adjective
• sainya – army, host of soldiers
  noun (neuter)

Note: Possessive, related to 'paśyataḥ'.

पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - while watching (the entire army watching) (of seeing, while seeing, of the one seeing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, beholding

Present Active Participle

From root dṛś (to see), conjugated as paśyati in present tense

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Used in genitive absolute construction: 'sarvasainyasya paśyataḥ' meaning 'while the entire army was watching'.