महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-110, verse-29

ततो द्रोणो महाराज मागधश्च महारथः ।
दुर्योधनसमादिष्टौ तं देशमुपजग्मतुः ॥२९॥

29. tato droṇo mahārāja māgadhaśca mahārathaḥ ,
duryodhanasamādiṣṭau taṁ deśamupajagmatuḥ.

29. tataḥ droṇaḥ mahārāja māgadhaḥ ca mahārathaḥ
duryodhanasamādiṣṭau tam deśam upajagmatuḥ

29. mahārāja tataḥ droṇaḥ ca mahārathaḥ māgadhaḥ
duryodhanasamādiṣṭau tam deśam upajagmatuḥ

29. Then, O great king, Droṇa and the great charioteer from Magadha (Jayadratha), having been commanded by Duryodhana, approached that region.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (Droṇa (name of a warrior, guru))

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• मागधः (māgadhaḥ) - the king from Magadha (Jayadratha) (a native of Magadha, king of Magadha)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - the great charioteer (great charioteer, great warrior)

• दुर्योधनसमादिष्टौ (duryodhanasamādiṣṭau) - commanded by Duryodhana

• तम् (tam) - that (that, him)

• देशम् (deśam) - region (region, place, country)

• उपजग्मतुः (upajagmatuḥ) - they approached (they approached, they went to)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (Droṇa (name of a warrior, guru))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - name of a famous warrior and teacher, a type of vessel, a measure of grain

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rājan

मागधः (māgadhaḥ) - the king from Magadha (Jayadratha) (a native of Magadha, king of Magadha)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of māgadha

māgadha - belonging to Magadha, a king of Magadha, a bard

Derived from Magadha + aṇ suffix.

Note: Refers to the king from Magadha, usually Jayadratha in MBh contexts.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - the great charioteer (great charioteer, great warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great charioteer, a warrior capable of fighting thousands of warriors

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, war-car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram

Note: This epithet also refers to Jayadratha, king of Sindhu (who was given control of Magadha forces).

दुर्योधनसमादिष्टौ (duryodhanasamādiṣṭau) - commanded by Duryodhana

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of duryodhanasamādiṣṭa

duryodhanasamādiṣṭa - commanded by Duryodhana, ordered by Duryodhana

Past Passive Participle

Compound formed with Duryodhana (agent) and samādiṣṭa (ppp of sam + ā + diś).

Compound type : tatpurusha (duryodhana+samādiṣṭa)

• duryodhana – name of the eldest Kaurava prince
  proper noun (masculine)
• samādiṣṭa – ordered, commanded, directed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From sam + ā + diś
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Refers to both Droṇa and the Magadha king.

तम् (tam) - that (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with deśam.

देशम् (deśam) - region (region, place, country)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, region, country, spot

Root: diś

उपजग्मतुः (upajagmatuḥ) - they approached (they approached, they went to)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past perfect (liṭ) of upagam

perfect (Liṭ)

3rd person dual, active voice. Root gam with upasarga upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The dual ending -atuḥ corresponds to "they two".