महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-110, verse-41

तथैव तावकाः सर्वे पुरस्कृत्य यतव्रतम् ।
शिखण्डिप्रमुखान्पार्थान्योधयन्ति स्म संयुगे ॥४१॥

41. tathaiva tāvakāḥ sarve puraskṛtya yatavratam ,
śikhaṇḍipramukhānpārthānyodhayanti sma saṁyuge.

41. tathā eva tāvakāḥ sarve puraskṛtya yatavratam
śikhaṇḍipramukhān pārthān yodhayanti sma saṃyuge

41. tathā eva sarve tāvakāḥ yatavratam puraskṛtya
saṃyuge śikhaṇḍipramukhān pārthān yodhayanti sma

41. In the same way, all your warriors (Kauravas), having put the firm-in-vows (Bhīṣma) at the forefront, fought against the Pārthas led by Śikhaṇḍī in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - in the same way (as the Pāṇḍavas attacked) (thus, so, in that manner, in the same way)

• एव (eva) - just so, indeed (only, just, indeed, certainly, even, exactly)

• तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your warriors (referring to the Kaurava army) (your (warriors), belonging to you (Duryodhana, as Dhṛtarāṣṭra's address))

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (your warriors) (all, every, entire (masculine plural nominative))

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having put (Bhīṣma) at the forefront (having put in front, having made foremost)

• यतव्रतम् (yatavratam) - the firm-in-vows (Bhīṣma) (one who has undertaken a vow, one who is firm in vows (accusative singular))

• शिखण्डिप्रमुखान् (śikhaṇḍipramukhān) - led by Śikhaṇḍī (having Śikhaṇḍī as their chief, led by Śikhaṇḍī (masculine plural accusative))

• पार्थान् (pārthān) - the Pāṇḍavas (the sons of Pṛthā (Kuntī), the Pāṇḍavas (accusative plural))

• योधयन्ति (yodhayanti) - they (your warriors) fight (they fight, they wage war)

• स्म (sma) - (converts present tense `yodhayanti` to past) (particle indicating past tense, verily, indeed)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in conflict, in confrontation)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - in the same way (as the Pāṇḍavas attacked) (thus, so, in that manner, in the same way)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - just so, indeed (only, just, indeed, certainly, even, exactly)

(indeclinable)

तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your warriors (referring to the Kaurava army) (your (warriors), belonging to you (Duryodhana, as Dhṛtarāṣṭra's address))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - yours, relating to you, your people, your army

Derived from tvad (you) + aka (possessive suffix).

सर्वे (sarve) - all (your warriors) (all, every, entire (masculine plural nominative))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire, whole

Note: Agrees with `tāvakāḥ`.

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having put (Bhīṣma) at the forefront (having put in front, having made foremost)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of verb `puras-kṛ` (to put in front, to honor).

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यतव्रतम् (yatavratam) - the firm-in-vows (Bhīṣma) (one who has undertaken a vow, one who is firm in vows (accusative singular))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatavrata

yatavrata - one who has undertaken a vow, one who has controlled his vows (i.e., firm in vows), ascetic

Bahuvrīhi compound: `yata` (controlled, restrained) + `vrata` (vow, religious observance).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yata+vrata)

• yata – controlled, restrained, disciplined
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root yam (to restrain) + kta suffix.
  Root: yam (class 1)
• vrata – vow, religious observance, sacred duty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `puraskṛtya`. Refers to Bhīṣma.

शिखण्डिप्रमुखान् (śikhaṇḍipramukhān) - led by Śikhaṇḍī (having Śikhaṇḍī as their chief, led by Śikhaṇḍī (masculine plural accusative))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śikhaṇḍipramukha

śikhaṇḍipramukha - having Śikhaṇḍī as chief, led by Śikhaṇḍī

Bahuvrīhi compound: `śikhaṇḍi` (Śikhaṇḍī) + `pramukha` (chief, foremost).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śikhaṇḍin+pramukha)

• śikhaṇḍin – Śikhaṇḍī
  proper noun (masculine)
  Shortened form of śikhaṇḍin in compound.
• pramukha – chief, principal, foremost, face
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound: pra (forward, forth) + mukha (face).

पार्थान् (pārthān) - the Pāṇḍavas (the sons of Pṛthā (Kuntī), the Pāṇḍavas (accusative plural))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (an epithet for Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma), a Pāṇḍava

Derived from Pṛthā (Kuntī, mother of the Pāṇḍavas) + aṇ affix.

Note: Object of the verb `yodhayanti`.

योधयन्ति (yodhayanti) - they (your warriors) fight (they fight, they wage war)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yudh

Present tense, causative

Present 3rd person plural, causative stem of root `yudh`.

Root: yudh (class 4)

स्म (sma) - (converts present tense `yodhayanti` to past) (particle indicating past tense, verily, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Converts `yodhayanti` to past tense ('fought').

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in conflict, in confrontation)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, conflict, war, union

Compound: `sam` (together) + `yuga` (yoke, pair, age, joining).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sam+yuga)

• sam – together, with
  indeclinable
• yuga – yoke, pair, age, joining
  noun (neuter)
  From root yuj (to join).
  Root: yuj (class 7)