महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-110, verse-40

युधिष्ठिरमुखाः पार्थाः पुरस्कृत्य शिखण्डिनम् ।
अयोधयन्रणे भीष्मं संहताः सह सृञ्जयैः ॥४०॥

40. yudhiṣṭhiramukhāḥ pārthāḥ puraskṛtya śikhaṇḍinam ,
ayodhayanraṇe bhīṣmaṁ saṁhatāḥ saha sṛñjayaiḥ.

40. yudhiṣṭhiramukhāḥ pārthāḥ puraskṛtya śikhaṇḍinam
ayodhayant raṇe bhīṣmam saṃhatāḥ saha sṛñjayaiḥ

40. yudhiṣṭhiramukhāḥ pārthāḥ śikhaṇḍinam puraskṛtya
saṃhatāḥ sṛñjayaiḥ saha raṇe bhīṣmam ayodhayant

40. The Pārthas, led by Yudhiṣṭhira, having put Śikhaṇḍī at the forefront, united with the Sañjayas, fought Bhīṣma in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरमुखाः (yudhiṣṭhiramukhāḥ) - led by Yudhiṣṭhira (having Yudhiṣṭhira as their chief, led by Yudhiṣṭhira (masculine plural nominative))

• पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (the sons of Pṛthā (Kuntī), the Pāṇḍavas)

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having put (Śikhaṇḍī) at the forefront (having put in front, having made foremost, having honored)

• शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Śikhaṇḍī (as the one placed in front) (Śikhaṇḍī (accusative singular))

• अयोधयन्त् (ayodhayant) - they (Pārthas) fought (they fought, they engaged in battle)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in the conflict)

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma (accusative singular)

• संहताः (saṁhatāḥ) - united (united, assembled, collected (masculine plural nominative))

• सह (saha) - with (with, along with, together with)

• सृञ्जयैः (sṛñjayaiḥ) - with the Sṛñjayas (by/with the Sṛñjayas (name of a tribe))

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरमुखाः (yudhiṣṭhiramukhāḥ) - led by Yudhiṣṭhira (having Yudhiṣṭhira as their chief, led by Yudhiṣṭhira (masculine plural nominative))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yudhiṣṭhiramukha

yudhiṣṭhiramukha - having Yudhiṣṭhira as chief/foremost

Bahuvrīhi compound: `yudhiṣṭhira` (Yudhiṣṭhira) + `mukha` (face, mouth, chief, foremost).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yudhiṣṭhira+mukha)

• yudhiṣṭhira – firm in battle, Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Compound: yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm).
• mukha – face, mouth, chief, beginning
  noun (neuter)

पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (the sons of Pṛthā (Kuntī), the Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (an epithet for Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma), a Pāṇḍava

Derived from Pṛthā (Kuntī, mother of the Pāṇḍavas) + aṇ affix.

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having put (Śikhaṇḍī) at the forefront (having put in front, having made foremost, having honored)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of verb `puras-kṛ` (to put in front, to honor).

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Śikhaṇḍī (as the one placed in front) (Śikhaṇḍī (accusative singular))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - having a crest or plume, Śikhaṇḍī (warrior in Mahābhārata)

Derived from śikhaṇḍa (crest, tuft) + in (possessive suffix).

Note: Object of `puraskṛtya`.

अयोधयन्त् (ayodhayant) - they (Pārthas) fought (they fought, they engaged in battle)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Imperfect (past tense), causative

Imperfect 3rd person plural, causative stem of root `yudh`.

Root: yudh (class 4)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in the conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, conflict, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma (accusative singular)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - terrible, formidable, Bhīṣma

From root bhī (to fear) + śma suffix.

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Object of the verb `ayodhayant`.

संहताः (saṁhatāḥ) - united (united, assembled, collected (masculine plural nominative))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃhata

saṁhata - united, joined, collected, dense

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb `sam-han` (to strike together, to unite) + kta suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: han (class 2)

सह (saha) - with (with, along with, together with)

(indeclinable)

सृञ्जयैः (sṛñjayaiḥ) - with the Sṛñjayas (by/with the Sṛñjayas (name of a tribe))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sṛñjaya

sṛñjaya - a king, a tribe allied with the Pāṇḍavas

Note: Used with `saha`.