महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-141, verse-8

कृत्वा चाङ्गारको वक्रं ज्येष्ठायां मधुसूदन ।
अनुराधां प्रार्थयते मैत्रं संशमयन्निव ॥८॥

8. kṛtvā cāṅgārako vakraṁ jyeṣṭhāyāṁ madhusūdana ,
anurādhāṁ prārthayate maitraṁ saṁśamayanniva.

8. kṛtvā ca aṅgārakaḥ vakram jyeṣṭhāyām madhusūdana
anurādhām prārthayate maitram saṃśamayan iva

8. madhusūdana ca aṅgārakaḥ jyeṣṭhāyām vakram kṛtvā
iva maitram saṃśamayan anurādhām prārthayate

8. O Madhusūdana (Kṛṣṇa), the planet Mars (aṅgārakaḥ), having moved retrogradely in the Jyeṣṭhā constellation, now seeks the Anurādhā constellation, as if trying to secure friendship (maitra).

Words meanings summery:

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made

• च (ca) - and

• अङ्गारकः (aṅgārakaḥ) - the planet Mars (Mars; charcoal)

• वक्रम् (vakram) - retrograde motion (of a planet) (crooked, curved; retrograde motion)

• ज्येष्ठायाम् (jyeṣṭhāyām) - in the constellation Jyeṣṭhā (the 18th lunar mansion) (in Jyeṣṭhā (constellation))

• मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Kṛṣṇa (O Slayer of Madhu)

• अनुराधाम् (anurādhām) - the constellation Anurādhā (the 17th lunar mansion) (Anurādhā (constellation))

• प्रार्थयते (prārthayate) - seeks, desires, requests

• मैत्रम् (maitram) - friendly alignment or connection (astrological) (friendship; friendly)

• संशमयन् (saṁśamayan) - appeasing, quieting, calming

• इव (iva) - as if, like

Words meanings and morphology

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root √kṛ (to do, make).

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अङ्गारकः (aṅgārakaḥ) - the planet Mars (Mars; charcoal)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṅgāraka

aṅgāraka - Mars (the planet); charcoal, live coal

वक्रम् (vakram) - retrograde motion (of a planet) (crooked, curved; retrograde motion)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vakra

vakra - crooked, bent, curved; retrograde (motion of a planet)

Note: Used here as a noun meaning 'retrograde path'.

ज्येष्ठायाम् (jyeṣṭhāyām) - in the constellation Jyeṣṭhā (the 18th lunar mansion) (in Jyeṣṭhā (constellation))

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of jyeṣṭhā

jyeṣṭhā - eldest, best; the eighteenth lunar mansion (constellation)

मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Kṛṣṇa (O Slayer of Madhu)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of the demon Madhu; an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa

Compound of 'Madhu' (a demon's name) and 'sūdana' (slayer).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – honey, sweet; name of a demon
  noun (masculine)
• sūdana – slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  From root √sūd (to destroy).
  Root: √sūd (class 10)

अनुराधाम् (anurādhām) - the constellation Anurādhā (the 17th lunar mansion) (Anurādhā (constellation))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of anurādhā

anurādhā - the seventeenth lunar mansion (constellation), good fortune

प्रार्थयते (prārthayate) - seeks, desires, requests

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of prārth

From prefix 'pra' and root '√arth' (to request).

Prefix: pra

Root: √arth (class 10)

मैत्रम् (maitram) - friendly alignment or connection (astrological) (friendship; friendly)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of maitra

maitra - friendship; friendly, belonging to Mitra

Derived from 'mitra' (friend).

Note: Anurādhā is associated with the deity Mitra, hence 'maitram' can refer to the constellation itself or a friendly disposition/alignment.

संशमयन् (saṁśamayan) - appeasing, quieting, calming

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśamayat

saṁśamayat - appeasing, calming, quieting down

Present Active Participle

Present participle of the causative form of root √śam (to be calm), with prefix 'saṃ'.

Prefix: sam

Root: √śam (class 10)

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)