महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-141, verse-47

संजय उवाच ।
इत्युक्त्वा माधवं कर्णः परिष्वज्य च पीडितम् ।
विसर्जितः केशवेन रथोपस्थादवातरत् ॥४७॥

47. saṁjaya uvāca ,
ityuktvā mādhavaṁ karṇaḥ pariṣvajya ca pīḍitam ,
visarjitaḥ keśavena rathopasthādavātarat.

47. sañjaya uvāca | iti uktvā mādhavam karṇaḥ pariṣvajya
ca pīḍitam | visarjitaḥ keśavena rathopasthāt avātarat

47. sañjaya uvāca karṇaḥ iti uktvā ca pīḍitam mādhavam pariṣvajya,
keśavena visarjitaḥ [san],
rathopasthāt avātarat.

47. Sañjaya said: Having spoken thus, Karṇa, distressed, embraced Mādhava. Dismissed by Keśava, he then alighted from the chariot's platform.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• माधवम् (mādhavam) - to Mādhava (an epithet of Krishna) (to Mādhava)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

• परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced, having hugged

• च (ca) - and, also

• पीडितम् (pīḍitam) - distressed (Karṇa being distressed) (distressed, tormented, afflicted)

• विसर्जितः (visarjitaḥ) - dismissed, sent away, released

• केशवेन (keśavena) - by Keśava (an epithet of Krishna) (by Keśava)

• रथोपस्थात् (rathopasthāt) - from the chariot's platform, from the front part of the chariot

• अवातरत् (avātarat) - he alighted, he descended

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (name of Vyāsa's disciple and Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from the root vac with the suffix -ktvā.

Root: vac (class 2)

माधवम् (mādhavam) - to Mādhava (an epithet of Krishna) (to Mādhava)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - descendant of Madhu, an epithet of Krishna

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear, Karṇa (name of a hero in the Mahābhārata)

परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced, having hugged

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from the root svaj with the prefix pari and the suffix -lyap (absolutive for prefixed verbs).

Prefix: pari

Root: svaj (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पीडितम् (pīḍitam) - distressed (Karṇa being distressed) (distressed, tormented, afflicted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pīḍita

pīḍita - distressed, tormented, afflicted, oppressed

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from the root pīḍ.

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'Karṇaḥ'.

विसर्जितः (visarjitaḥ) - dismissed, sent away, released

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of visarjita

visarjita - dismissed, sent away, released, abandoned

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from the root sṛj with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'Karṇaḥ'.

केशवेन (keśavena) - by Keśava (an epithet of Krishna) (by Keśava)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - having beautiful hair, an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna

रथोपस्थात् (rathopasthāt) - from the chariot's platform, from the front part of the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rathopastha

rathopastha - chariot platform, front part of a chariot

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+upastha)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• upastha – lap, private parts, seat, platform
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa

अवातरत् (avātarat) - he alighted, he descended

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of tṛ

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)