महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-141, verse-12

प्रादुर्भूतेषु चैतेषु भयमाहुरुपस्थितम् ।
निमित्तेषु महाबाहो दारुणं प्राणिनाशनम् ॥१२॥

12. prādurbhūteṣu caiteṣu bhayamāhurupasthitam ,
nimitteṣu mahābāho dāruṇaṁ prāṇināśanam.

12. prādurbhūteṣu ca eteṣu bhayam āhuḥ upasthitam
nimitteṣu mahābāho dāruṇam prāṇināśanam

12. mahābāho eteṣu nimitteṣu prādurbhūteṣu ca
bhayam dāruṇam prāṇināśanam upasthitam āhuḥ

12. When these omens (nimitteṣu) manifest (prādurbhūteṣu), it is said that terrible fear and the destruction of living beings (prāṇināśanam) are imminent, O mighty-armed one.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रादुर्भूतेषु (prādurbhūteṣu) - when these signs have appeared (when appeared, having manifested, in those that have appeared)

• च (ca) - and

• एतेषु (eteṣu) - in these

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear, danger

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, it is said

• उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - present, imminent, at hand

• निमित्तेषु (nimitteṣu) - in these omens, signs

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O Krishna / Arjuna (O mighty-armed one)

• दारुणम् (dāruṇam) - terrible, dreadful, cruel

• प्राणिनाशनम् (prāṇināśanam) - destruction of living beings

Words meanings and morphology

प्रादुर्भूतेषु (prādurbhūteṣu) - when these signs have appeared (when appeared, having manifested, in those that have appeared)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of prādurbhūta

prādurbhūta - manifested, appeared, arisen

Past Passive Participle

From root bhū with prefix prādur (a form of prāduḥ).

Prefix: prādur

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Adverbial usage, acting as a temporal clause ("when these have appeared"). Agrees with 'eteṣu' and 'nimitteṣu'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this phrase to previous ominous signs.

एतेषु (eteṣu) - in these

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Agrees with 'nimitteṣu'.

भयम् (bhayam) - fear, danger

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, terror, danger

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, it is said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lit) of ah

Perfect Tense

Irregular perfect tense form, used as a present in classical Sanskrit.

Root: ah

उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - present, imminent, at hand

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upasthita

upasthita - approached, present, imminent, at hand

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhayam'.

निमित्तेषु (nimitteṣu) - in these omens, signs

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of nimitta

nimitta - sign, omen, cause, pretext

Note: Refers to the previously mentioned ominous signs, agreeing with 'eteṣu'.

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O Krishna / Arjuna (O mighty-armed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - having mighty arms, strong-armed (epithet of heroes like Krishna/Arjuna)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Address to a heroic figure, typically Krishna or Arjuna.

दारुणम् (dāruṇam) - terrible, dreadful, cruel

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāruṇa

dāruṇa - terrible, dreadful, cruel, severe

Note: Agrees with 'bhayam' and 'prāṇināśanam'.

प्राणिनाशनम् (prāṇināśanam) - destruction of living beings

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāṇināśana

prāṇināśana - destruction of living beings

Compound type : genitive tatpurusha (prāṇin+nāśana)

• prāṇin – living being, animate creature
  noun (masculine)
• nāśana – destroying, destruction
  noun (neuter)
  From root naś (to perish, destroy).
  Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Functions as a noun in apposition with 'bhayam'.