महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-238, verse-46

अवश्यमेव नृपते राज्ञो विषयवासिभिः ।
प्रियाण्याचरितव्यानि तत्र का परिदेवना ॥४६॥

46. avaśyameva nṛpate rājño viṣayavāsibhiḥ ,
priyāṇyācaritavyāni tatra kā paridevanā.

46. avaśyam eva nṛpate rājñaḥ viṣayavāsibhiḥ
priyāṇi ācaritavyāni tatra kā paridevanā

46. Indeed, O King, those residing in a king's realm must perform agreeable deeds. What is the point of lamenting about it?

Words meanings summery:

• अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly, necessarily, undoubtedly

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, certainly

• नृपते (nṛpate) - O King

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• विषयवासिभिः (viṣayavāsibhiḥ) - by those dwelling in the domain/country

• प्रियाणि (priyāṇi) - pleasant things, dear things

• आचरितव्यानि (ācaritavyāni) - must be done, ought to be performed

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, in that matter

• का (kā) - what, which, who

• परिदेवना (paridevanā) - lamentation, wailing, weeping

Words meanings and morphology

अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly, necessarily, undoubtedly

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

नृपते (nṛpate) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

विषयवासिभिः (viṣayavāsibhiḥ) - by those dwelling in the domain/country

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of viṣayavāsin

viṣayavāsin - one who dwells in a country/domain, resident

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viṣaya+vāsin)

• viṣaya – sphere, domain, country, object of sense
  noun (masculine)
• vāsin – dwelling, inhabiting, resident
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root vas with ṇini affix
  Root: vas (class 1)

प्रियाणि (priyāṇi) - pleasant things, dear things

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable

आचरितव्यानि (ācaritavyāni) - must be done, ought to be performed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of ācaritavya

ācaritavya - to be done, to be performed, incumbent on one to do

gerundive (future passive participle)

Derived from root car with upasarga ā and tavya affix

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, in that matter

(indeclinable)

का (kā) - what, which, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

परिदेवना (paridevanā) - lamentation, wailing, weeping

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of paridevanā

paridevanā - lamentation, wailing, weeping, complaint