महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-238, verse-3

एवमुक्तस्तु गन्धर्वः पाण्डवेन महात्मना ।
उवाच यत्कर्ण वयं मन्त्रयन्तो विनिर्गताः ।
द्रष्टारः स्म सुखाद्धीनान्सदारान्पाण्डवानिति ॥३॥

3. evamuktastu gandharvaḥ pāṇḍavena mahātmanā ,
uvāca yatkarṇa vayaṁ mantrayanto vinirgatāḥ ,
draṣṭāraḥ sma sukhāddhīnānsadārānpāṇḍavāniti.

3. evam uktaḥ tu gandharvaḥ pāṇḍavena
mahātmanā uvāca yat karṇa vayam
mantrayantaḥ vinirgatāḥ draṣṭāraḥ
sma sukhāt hīnān sadārān pāṇḍavān iti

3. When the magnanimous Pāṇḍava (Arjuna) spoke to him thus, the Gandharva replied: 'O Karṇa, we [Gandharvas] set out because we heard you deliberating: "We shall see the Pāṇḍavas, along with their wives, deprived of happiness." '

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• गन्धर्वः (gandharvaḥ) - Citrasena (Gandharva)

• पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by Arjuna (by the Pandava)

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the magnanimous, by the great-souled

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यत् (yat) - because (introducing the reason/content of deliberation) (that (which), because)

• कर्ण (karṇa) - O Karna (vocative, addressed by Citrasena to Karna, quoting what he overheard) (O Karna)

• वयम् (vayam) - we (Gandharvas, subject of vinirgatāḥ) (we)

• मन्त्रयन्तः (mantrayantaḥ) - deliberating, consulting

• विनिर्गताः (vinirgatāḥ) - departed, gone forth

• द्रष्टारः (draṣṭāraḥ) - we shall see (seers, those who will see)

• स्म (sma) - indicates future tense when used with agent noun 'draṣṭāraḥ' (particle indicating past tense, or with agent noun future)

• सुखात् (sukhāt) - from happiness, deprived of happiness

• हीनान् (hīnān) - deprived, abandoned, lacking

• सदारान् (sadārān) - with wives, accompanied by wives

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies uktaḥ.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said

Past Passive Participle

From root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with gandharvaḥ.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic or adversative particle.

गन्धर्वः (gandharvaḥ) - Citrasena (Gandharva)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandharva

gandharva - Gandharva (a celestial musician/spirit)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by Arjuna (by the Pandava)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Note: Agent of uktaḥ.

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the magnanimous, by the great-souled

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - magnanimous, great-souled

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with pāṇḍavena.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

यत् (yat) - because (introducing the reason/content of deliberation) (that (which), because)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, that, because

Note: Functions here as a conjunction 'because' or introduces a clause.

कर्ण (karṇa) - O Karna (vocative, addressed by Citrasena to Karna, quoting what he overheard) (O Karna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (name of a warrior, son of Sūrya and Kuntī)

Note: Inside the quoted speech.

वयम् (vayam) - we (Gandharvas, subject of vinirgatāḥ) (we)

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of vinirgatāḥ and draṣṭāraḥ sma.

मन्त्रयन्तः (mantrayantaḥ) - deliberating, consulting

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mantrayant

mantrayant - deliberating, consulting

Present Middle Participle

From root mantr (10th class or denominative from mantra)

Root: mantr (class 10)

Note: Agrees with vayam.

विनिर्गताः (vinirgatāḥ) - departed, gone forth

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vinirgata

vinirgata - departed, gone out

Past Passive Participle

From root gam with upasargas vi- and nir-

Prefixes: vi+nir

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vayam.

द्रष्टारः (draṣṭāraḥ) - we shall see (seers, those who will see)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of draṣṭṛ

draṣṭṛ - seer, one who sees

Agent noun

Agent noun from root dṛś, indicating future action

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vayam. Used with 'sma' to indicate future.

स्म (sma) - indicates future tense when used with agent noun 'draṣṭāraḥ' (particle indicating past tense, or with agent noun future)

(indeclinable)

सुखात् (sukhāt) - from happiness, deprived of happiness

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, comfort

Note: Governed by hīnān 'deprived of'.

हीनान् (hīnān) - deprived, abandoned, lacking

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hīna

hīna - deprived, abandoned, lacking

Past Passive Participle

From root hā

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with Pāṇḍavān.

सदारान् (sadārān) - with wives, accompanied by wives

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sadāra

sadāra - with wives, accompanied by wives

Compound (sa + dāra)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+dāra)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating accompaniment
• dāra – wife
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Pāṇḍavān.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Note: Object of draṣṭāraḥ.

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of the quoted speech.