महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-238, verse-42

यद्येवं पाण्डवै राजन्भवद्विषयवासिभिः ।
यदृच्छया मोक्षितोऽद्य तत्र का परिदेवना ॥४२॥

42. yadyevaṁ pāṇḍavai rājanbhavadviṣayavāsibhiḥ ,
yadṛcchayā mokṣito'dya tatra kā paridevanā.

42. yadi evam pāṇḍavaiḥ rājan bhavadviṣayavāsibhiḥ
yadṛcchayā mokṣitaḥ adya tatra kā paridevanā

42. O King, if the Pāṇḍavas, dwelling in your territory, released someone or something by chance today, then what is the reason for this lamentation?

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• भवद्विषयवासिभिः (bhavadviṣayavāsibhiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas who live in your territory (by those dwelling in your territory/domain)

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, by accident, spontaneously

• मोक्षितः (mokṣitaḥ) - released, freed, liberated

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that case, then

• का (kā) - what, who (feminine)

• परिदेवना (paridevanā) - lamentation, complaint, wailing

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Descendant of Pāṇḍu.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

भवद्विषयवासिभिः (bhavadviṣayavāsibhiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas who live in your territory (by those dwelling in your territory/domain)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhavadviṣayavāsin

bhavadviṣayavāsin - one who dwells in your territory

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhavat+viṣaya+vāsin)

• bhavat – your, belonging to you (honorific 'you')
  pronoun
  Present active participle of bhū used as a pronoun.
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• viṣaya – territory, domain, realm
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ṣi
• vāsin – dwelling, residing, inhabitant
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun (nomen agentis) from root vas.
  Derived from root vas (to dwell) with suffix ṇin.
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Qualifies pāṇḍavaiḥ.

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, by accident, spontaneously

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadṛcchā

yadṛcchā - free will, spontaneity, chance, accident

From yad + ṛch (to go, desire).

Root: ṛch (class 6)

Note: Functions adverbially.

मोक्षितः (mokṣitaḥ) - released, freed, liberated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mokṣita

mokṣ - to release, to free, to liberate

Past Passive Participle

From causal of root muc (to free).

Root: muc (class 6)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that case, then

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from tad.

का (kā) - what, who (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

परिदेवना (paridevanā) - lamentation, complaint, wailing

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of paridevanā

paridevanā - lamentation, complaint, wailing

From pari + div (to play, lament).

Prefix: pari

Root: div (class 4)