महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-238, verse-1

दुर्योधन उवाच ।
चित्रसेनं समागम्य प्रहसन्नर्जुनस्तदा ।
इदं वचनमक्लीबमब्रवीत्परवीरहा ॥१॥

1. duryodhana uvāca ,
citrasenaṁ samāgamya prahasannarjunastadā ,
idaṁ vacanamaklībamabravītparavīrahā.

1. duryodhanaḥ uvāca citrasenam samāgamya prahasan
arjunaḥ tadā idam vacanam aklībam abravīt paravīrahā

1. Duryodhana said: Then Arjuna, the slayer of enemy heroes, approached Citrasena and, laughing, spoke these courageous words.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• चित्रसेनम् (citrasenam) - Citrasena

• समागम्य (samāgamya) - having approached, having met

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• अक्लीबम् (aklībam) - not unmanly, brave, courageous

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - slayer of enemy heroes

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava brother)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

चित्रसेनम् (citrasenam) - Citrasena

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of citrasena

citrasena - Citrasena (name of a Gandharva king)

समागम्य (samāgamya) - having approached, having met

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Derived from root gam with upasargas sam- and ā-

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasat

prahasat - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

Root has with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Forms agree with Arjunaḥ.

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronoun tad

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with vacanam.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement

From root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अक्लीबम् (aklībam) - not unmanly, brave, courageous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aklība

aklība - not unmanly, brave, courageous

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+klība)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• klība – unmanly, impotent, eunuch
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with vacanam.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: brū (class 2)

परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - slayer of enemy heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paravīrahan

paravīrahan - slayer of enemy heroes

Compound noun, agent noun derived from root han 'to strike, kill'

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+vīra+han)

• para – other, enemy
  adjective
• vīra – hero, brave man
  noun (masculine)
• han – slayer, killer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root han
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.