महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-238, verse-1

दुर्योधन उवाच ।
चित्रसेनं समागम्य प्रहसन्नर्जुनस्तदा ।
इदं वचनमक्लीबमब्रवीत्परवीरहा ॥१॥

1. duryodhana uvāca ,
citrasenaṁ samāgamya prahasannarjunastadā ,
idaṁ vacanamaklībamabravītparavīrahā.

1. duryodhanaḥ uvāca citrasenam samāgamya prahasan
arjunaḥ tadā idam vacanam aklībam abravīt paravīrahā

1. Duryodhana said: Then Arjuna, the slayer of enemy heroes, approached Citrasena and, laughing, spoke these courageous words.

1. דוּרְיוֹדְהַנַה אמר, אַרְג׳וּנַה, קוטל גיבורי האויב, פגש אז את צ׳ִיטְרַסֵנַה, חייך ואמר את הדברים האמיצים האלה:

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• चित्रसेनम् (citrasenam) - Citrasena

• समागम्य (samāgamya) - having approached, having met

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• अक्लीबम् (aklībam) - not unmanly, brave, courageous

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - slayer of enemy heroes

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava brother)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

चित्रसेनम् (citrasenam) - Citrasena

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of citrasena

citrasena - Citrasena (name of a Gandharva king)

समागम्य (samāgamya) - having approached, having met

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Derived from root gam with upasargas sam- and ā-

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasat

prahasat - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

Root has with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Forms agree with Arjunaḥ.

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronoun tad

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with vacanam.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement

From root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अक्लीबम् (aklībam) - not unmanly, brave, courageous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aklība

aklība - not unmanly, brave, courageous

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+klība)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• klība – unmanly, impotent, eunuch
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with vacanam.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: brū (class 2)

परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - slayer of enemy heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paravīrahan

paravīrahan - slayer of enemy heroes

Compound noun, agent noun derived from root han 'to strike, kill'

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+vīra+han)

• para – other, enemy
  adjective
• vīra – hero, brave man
  noun (masculine)
• han – slayer, killer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root han
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

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