महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-238, verse-27

तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा दीनो दुःशासनोऽब्रवीत् ।
अश्रुकण्ठः सुदुःखार्तः प्राञ्जलिः प्रणिपत्य च ।
सगद्गदमिदं वाक्यं भ्रातरं ज्येष्ठमात्मनः ॥२७॥

27. tasya tadvacanaṁ śrutvā dīno duḥśāsano'bravīt ,
aśrukaṇṭhaḥ suduḥkhārtaḥ prāñjaliḥ praṇipatya ca ,
sagadgadamidaṁ vākyaṁ bhrātaraṁ jyeṣṭhamātmanaḥ.

27. tasya tat vacanam śrutvā dīnaḥ duḥśāsanaḥ
abravīt aśrukaṇṭhaḥ suduḥkhārtaḥ
prāñjaliḥ praṇipatya ca sagadgadam
idam vākyam bhrātaram jyeṣṭham ātmanaḥ

27. Having heard his words, distressed Duḥśāsana, with a throat choked by tears, extremely afflicted by sorrow, and with joined palms, bowed down and spoke these faltering words to his own eldest brother.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

• तत् (tat) - that, those

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• दीनः (dīnaḥ) - distressed, miserable, dejected

• दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

• अश्रुकण्ठः (aśrukaṇṭhaḥ) - with a throat choked with tears

• सुदुःखार्तः (suduḥkhārtaḥ) - greatly distressed by sorrow, extremely afflicted by pain

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with joined palms (in salutation or supplication)

• प्रणिपत्य (praṇipatya) - having bowed down, having prostrated oneself

• च (ca) - and, also

• सगद्गदम् (sagadgadam) - faltering, stammering, with a choke (of voice)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement, sentence

• भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother

• ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - eldest, greatest, best

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, his own, soul (ātman)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तत् (tat) - that, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from the root √śru (to hear) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

दीनः (dīnaḥ) - distressed, miserable, dejected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīna

dīna - distressed, wretched, miserable, dejected, depressed

Root: dī (class 4)

दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duḥśāsana (a son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the Mahābhārata)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

अश्रुकण्ठः (aśrukaṇṭhaḥ) - with a throat choked with tears

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśrukaṇṭha

aśrukaṇṭha - one whose throat is choked with tears

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aśru+kaṇṭha)

• aśru – tear, teardrop
  noun (neuter)
• kaṇṭha – neck, throat
  noun (masculine)

सुदुःखार्तः (suduḥkhārtaḥ) - greatly distressed by sorrow, extremely afflicted by pain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suduḥkhārta

suduḥkhārta - greatly distressed by sorrow; intensely afflicted by pain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+duḥkha+ārta)

• su – good, excellent, well; intensifier (very, greatly)
  indeclinable
• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √ṛ (to go, to move) or √ṛ (to reach) with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with joined palms (in salutation or supplication)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - with joined palms (as a gesture of respect or supplication)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pra+añjali)

• pra – forth, forward, before, greatly
  indeclinable
• añjali – the hollow of the hands placed together (as in supplication or adoration)
  noun (masculine)

प्रणिपत्य (praṇipatya) - having bowed down, having prostrated oneself

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from the root √pat (to fall) with prefixes pra- and ni-.

Prefixes: pra+ni

Root: pat (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सगद्गदम् (sagadgadam) - faltering, stammering, with a choke (of voice)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sagadgada

sagadgada - faltering, stammering, in a choked voice

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+gadgada)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• gadgada – stammering, faltering, choked (voice)
  adjective (neuter)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, statement

Root: vac (class 2)

भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - eldest, greatest, best

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, oldest; greatest, best, chief, most excellent

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, his own, soul (ātman)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman)