महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-238, verse-6

स्त्रीसमक्षमहं दीनो बद्धः शत्रुवशं गतः ।
युधिष्ठिरस्योपहृतः किं नु दुःखमतः परम् ॥६॥

6. strīsamakṣamahaṁ dīno baddhaḥ śatruvaśaṁ gataḥ ,
yudhiṣṭhirasyopahṛtaḥ kiṁ nu duḥkhamataḥ param.

6. strīsamakṣam aham dīnaḥ baddhaḥ śatruvaśam gataḥ
yudhiṣṭhirasya upahṛtaḥ kim nu duḥkham ataḥ param

6. What greater misery could there be than this: I, wretched and bound, fell into the power of my enemies and was presented before Yudhishthira in the presence of women?

Words meanings summery:

• स्त्रीसमक्षम् (strīsamakṣam) - in the presence of women, before women

• अहम् (aham) - Duryodhana (I)

• दीनः (dīnaḥ) - wretched, miserable, distressed

• बद्धः (baddhaḥ) - bound, captured

• शत्रुवशम् (śatruvaśam) - to the power of enemies

• गतः (gataḥ) - fallen into the power of enemies (gone, reached, fallen into)

• युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - of Yudhishthira

• उपहृतः (upahṛtaḥ) - presented, offered, brought before

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• नु (nu) - (emphatic particle) (indeed, now, then)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - misery, sorrow, suffering

• अतः (ataḥ) - than this, from this, therefore

• परम् (param) - greater, further, supreme

Words meanings and morphology

स्त्रीसमक्षम् (strīsamakṣam) - in the presence of women, before women

(indeclinable)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (strī+samakṣa)

• strī – woman, wife
  noun (feminine)
• samakṣa – before the eyes, in the presence of
  adjective (neuter)
  From sam (with) + akṣa (eye)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: akṣ

Note: It is an Avyayībhāva compound used adverbially.

अहम् (aham) - Duryodhana (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

दीनः (dīnaḥ) - wretched, miserable, distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīna

dīna - wretched, miserable, distressed, poor

Past Passive Participle

From root dai (to be weary, to waste away) + kta

Root: dai (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'aham'.

बद्धः (baddhaḥ) - bound, captured

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of baddha

baddha - bound, tied, caught, imprisoned

Past Passive Participle

From root bandh (to bind) + kta

Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'aham'.

शत्रुवशम् (śatruvaśam) - to the power of enemies

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatruvaśa

śatruvaśa - power of enemies, control of foes

Compound type : tatpurusha (śatru+vaśa)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• vaśa – power, control, will
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vaś (class 2)

Note: Object of motion, implied by 'gataḥ'.

गतः (gataḥ) - fallen into the power of enemies (gone, reached, fallen into)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, reached, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) + kta

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'aham'.

युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - of Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle; a proper name, son of Pandu and Kunti, eldest of the Pandavas

Compound type : bahuvrihi (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  indeclinable
  Locative singular of yudh (battle)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उपहृतः (upahṛtaḥ) - presented, offered, brought before

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upahṛta

upahṛta - presented, offered, brought, collected

Past Passive Participle

From root hṛ (to carry, take) with upasarga upa (near, to) + kta

Prefix: upa

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'aham'.

किम् (kim) - what, why

(interrogative pronoun)

Note: Functions as predicate nominative to 'duḥkham'.

नु (nu) - (emphatic particle) (indeed, now, then)

(indeclinable)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - misery, sorrow, suffering

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - misery, sorrow, pain, suffering

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asti' (is).

अतः (ataḥ) - than this, from this, therefore

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas added to 'idam' (this)

परम् (param) - greater, further, supreme

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, subsequent, superior, supreme, highest

Note: Qualifies 'duḥkham'.