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3,23

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-23, verse-6

हतास्ते दानवाः सर्वे यैः स शब्द उदीरितः ।
शरैरादित्यसंकाशैर्ज्वलितैः शब्दसाधनैः ॥६॥
6. hatāste dānavāḥ sarve yaiḥ sa śabda udīritaḥ ,
śarairādityasaṁkāśairjvalitaiḥ śabdasādhanaiḥ.
6. hatāḥ te dānavāḥ sarve yaiḥ saḥ śabdaḥ udīritaḥ
| śaraiḥ ādityasaṅkāśaiḥ jvalitaiḥ śabdasādhanaiḥ
6. All those Dānavas who had uttered that sound were slain by blazing, sun-like arrows, which served as instruments to control sound.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • हताः (hatāḥ) - slain, killed
  • ते (te) - those, they
  • दानवाः (dānavāḥ) - Dānavas, demons
  • सर्वे (sarve) - all, every
  • यैः (yaiḥ) - by which Dānavas (by whom, by which)
  • सः (saḥ) - that, he
  • शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise
  • उदीरितः (udīritaḥ) - uttered, produced, emitted
  • शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows
  • आदित्यसङ्काशैः (ādityasaṅkāśaiḥ) - resembling the sun, sun-like
  • ज्वलितैः (jvalitaiḥ) - blazing, shining, illuminated
  • शब्दसाधनैः (śabdasādhanaiḥ) - acting as instruments to control or silence sound, referring to the arrows. (by means of sound, by which sound is achieved/controlled)

Words meanings and morphology

हताः (hatāḥ) - slain, killed
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of hata
hata - slain, killed, struck
Past Passive Participle
P.P.P. of root han
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Agrees with 'dānavāḥ' and 'sarve' and 'te'.
ते (te) - those, they
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those, he, she, it
3rd person plural masculine nominative pronoun
Note: Refers to Dānavas.
दानवाः (dānavāḥ) - Dānavas, demons
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dānava
dānava - a descendant of Danu, a demon
Note: Subject of the passive verb 'hatāḥ'.
सर्वे (sarve) - all, every
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
Can function as an adjective.
Note: Agrees with 'dānavāḥ'.
यैः (yaiḥ) - by which Dānavas (by whom, by which)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of yat
yat - who, which, what
Relative pronoun instrumental plural, masculine/neuter
Note: Refers to 'dānavāḥ' (by whom the sound was uttered).
सः (saḥ) - that, he
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, it
3rd person singular masculine nominative pronoun
Note: Agrees with 'śabdaḥ'.
शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda
śabda - sound, noise, word
Note: Subject of 'udīritaḥ'.
उदीरितः (udīritaḥ) - uttered, produced, emitted
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of udīrita
udīrita - uttered, spoken, produced, emitted
Past Passive Participle
P.P.P. of ud-√īr
Prefix: ud
Root: īr (class 2)
Note: Agrees with 'śabdaḥ'.
शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara
śara - arrow, dart
Note: The agent of killing.
आदित्यसङ्काशैः (ādityasaṅkāśaiḥ) - resembling the sun, sun-like
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of ādityasaṅkāśa
ādityasaṅkāśa - resembling the sun, sun-like
Compound type : upamāna-pūrvapada karmadhāraya (āditya+saṅkāśa)
  • āditya – the sun, a deity
    noun (masculine)
  • saṅkāśa – resembling, like, similar to
    adjective
    From sam-√kāś, 'to shine together, to appear like'.
    Prefix: sam
Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'.
ज्वलितैः (jvalitaiḥ) - blazing, shining, illuminated
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of jvalita
jvalita - blazing, shining, ignited
Past Passive Participle
P.P.P. of root jval
Root: jval (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'.
शब्दसाधनैः (śabdasādhanaiḥ) - acting as instruments to control or silence sound, referring to the arrows. (by means of sound, by which sound is achieved/controlled)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of śabdasādhana
śabdasādhana - instrument for sound, means of accomplishing sound, means of controlling sound
Compound type : tatpurusha (śabda+sādhana)
  • śabda – sound, noise, word
    noun (masculine)
  • sādhana – means, instrument, accomplishing, efficient
    noun (neuter)
    From root sādh 'to accomplish'.
    Root: sādh (class 5)
Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'. Interpreted as 'means of silencing the sound' in context of previous verse.