महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-23, verse-15

ततो विषण्णमनसो मम राजन्सुहृज्जनाः ।
रुरुदुश्चुक्रुशुश्चैव दुःखशोकसमन्विताः ॥१५॥

15. tato viṣaṇṇamanaso mama rājansuhṛjjanāḥ ,
ruruduścukruśuścaiva duḥkhaśokasamanvitāḥ.

15. tataḥ viṣaṇṇamanasaḥ mama rājan suhṛjjanāḥ
ruruduḥ cukruśuḥ ca eva duḥkhaśokasamānvitāḥ

15. Then, O King, my friends, whose minds were dejected and who were overcome with sorrow and grief, wept and wailed.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• विषण्णमनसः (viṣaṇṇamanasaḥ) - dejected-minded, sorrowful-hearted

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• सुहृज्जनाः (suhṛjjanāḥ) - friends, well-wishers

• रुरुदुः (ruruduḥ) - they wept

• चुक्रुशुः (cukruśuḥ) - they wailed, they cried out

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• दुःखशोकसमान्विताः (duḥkhaśokasamānvitāḥ) - filled with sorrow and grief, afflicted by pain and sorrow

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

ablative of tad, used adverbially

विषण्णमनसः (viṣaṇṇamanasaḥ) - dejected-minded, sorrowful-hearted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viṣaṇṇamanas

viṣaṇṇamanas - dejected in mind, dispirited, sorrowful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viṣaṇṇa+manas)

• viṣaṇṇa – dejected, depressed, sad
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √sad with upasarga vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: sad (class 1)
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man

Note: refers to suhṛjjanāḥ

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

सुहृज्जनाः (suhṛjjanāḥ) - friends, well-wishers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suhṛjjana

suhṛjjana - friend, well-wisher

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (suhṛt+jana)

• suhṛt – friend, well-wisher
  noun (masculine)
• jana – person, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan

रुरुदुः (ruruduḥ) - they wept

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of rud

Perfect 3rd Plural

reduplicated perfect

Root: rud (class 2)

चुक्रुशुः (cukruśuḥ) - they wailed, they cried out

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kruś

Perfect 3rd Plural

reduplicated perfect

Root: kruś (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

conjunction

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

emphatic particle

दुःखशोकसमान्विताः (duḥkhaśokasamānvitāḥ) - filled with sorrow and grief, afflicted by pain and sorrow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of duḥkhaśokasamānvita

duḥkhaśokasamānvita - accompanied by sorrow and grief

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (duḥkha+śoka+samānvita)

• duḥkha – pain, sorrow, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  from root √śuc
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• samānvita – accompanied by, endowed with, possessed of
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √i with upasargas sam-ā
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: refers to suhṛjjanāḥ