महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-60, verse-5

द्रौपद्युवाच ।
कथं त्वेवं वदसि प्रातिकामिन्को वै दीव्येद्भार्यया राजपुत्रः ।
मूढो राजा द्यूतमदेन मत्त आहो नान्यत्कैतवमस्य किंचित् ॥५॥

5. draupadyuvāca ,
kathaṁ tvevaṁ vadasi prātikāmi;nko vai dīvyedbhāryayā rājaputraḥ ,
mūḍho rājā dyūtamadena matta; āho nānyatkaitavamasya kiṁcit.

5. draupadī uvāca katham tu evam vadasi
prātīkāmin kaḥ vai dīvyet bhāryayā
rājaputraḥ mūḍhaḥ rājā dyūtamadena
mattaḥ āho na anyat kaitavam asya kiṃcit

5. Draupadi said: "How can you speak like this, O Prātīkāmin? What prince would gamble away his wife? Is the king deluded, intoxicated by the madness of gambling, or did he truly have no other stakes (kaitava) at all?"

Words meanings summery:

• द्रौपदी (draupadī) - Draupadi

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what way

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• वदसि (vadasi) - you speak, you say

• प्रातीकामिन् (prātīkāmin) - O Prātīkāmin (name of a charioteer)

• कः (kaḥ) - who, which

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

• दीव्येत् (dīvyet) - would gamble

• भार्यया (bhāryayā) - gambling with his wife (as a stake) (by his wife, with his wife)

• राजपुत्रः (rājaputraḥ) - a prince, son of a king

• मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - deluded, foolish, bewildered

• राजा (rājā) - king

• द्यूतमदेन (dyūtamadena) - by the madness of gambling, by the intoxication of dice-play

• मत्तः (mattaḥ) - intoxicated, drunk, maddened

• आहो (āho) - or, or else (interrogative particle)

• न (na) - not, no

• अन्यत् (anyat) - other, another

• कैतवम् (kaitavam) - stake, gambling, fraud

• अस्य (asya) - of him (referring to the king/Yudhiṣṭhira) (of this, of him)

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - at all (in a negative context, 'not anything at all') (something, anything, a little)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रौपदी (draupadī) - Draupadi

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of draupadī

draupadī - Draupadi (daughter of Drupada)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of root vac (2nd class)

Root: vac (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how, why, in what way

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

वदसि (vadasi) - you speak, you say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of vad

Present Active

Present tense, 2nd person singular, active voice of root vad (1st class)

Root: vad (class 1)

प्रातीकामिन् (prātīkāmin) - O Prātīkāmin (name of a charioteer)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prātīkāmin

prātīkāmin - Prātīkāmin (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

कः (kaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

दीव्येत् (dīvyet) - would gamble

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of div

Optative Active

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice of root div (4th class)

Root: div (class 4)

भार्यया (bhāryayā) - gambling with his wife (as a stake) (by his wife, with his wife)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, married woman

राजपुत्रः (rājaputraḥ) - a prince, son of a king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājaputra

rājaputra - prince, king's son

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - deluded, foolish, bewildered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, deluded, bewildered, ignorant

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root muh (to be bewildered)

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Derived from root muh

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

द्यूतमदेन (dyūtamadena) - by the madness of gambling, by the intoxication of dice-play

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dyūtamada

dyūtamada - intoxication of gambling, madness for dice-play

Compound type : tatpurusha (dyūta+mada)

• dyūta – gambling, dice-play
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root div (to play/gamble)
  Root: div (class 4)
• mada – intoxication, madness, passion
  noun (masculine)

मत्तः (mattaḥ) - intoxicated, drunk, maddened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of matta

matta - intoxicated, drunk, maddened, enraged

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root mad (to be intoxicated)

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Derived from root mad

आहो (āho) - or, or else (interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अन्यत् (anyat) - other, another

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Could be nominative or accusative singular neuter.

कैतवम् (kaitavam) - stake, gambling, fraud

(noun)

neuter, singular of kaitava

kaitava - gambling, fraud, deceit, stake (in gambling)

Note: Could be nominative or accusative singular neuter.

अस्य (asya) - of him (referring to the king/Yudhiṣṭhira) (of this, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the king.

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - at all (in a negative context, 'not anything at all') (something, anything, a little)

(indeclinable)