महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-60, verse-11

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
स गत्वा राजभवनं दुर्योधनवशानुगः ।
उवाच द्रौपदीं सूतः प्रातिकामी व्यथन्निव ॥११॥

11. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
sa gatvā rājabhavanaṁ duryodhanavaśānugaḥ ,
uvāca draupadīṁ sūtaḥ prātikāmī vyathanniva.

11. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca sa gatvā rāja-bhavanam duryodhana-vaśānugaḥ
uvāca draupadīm sūtaḥ prātikāmī vyathan iva

11. Vaishampayana said: "Having reached the royal palace, the charioteer Pratikamin, who was subservient to Duryodhana, addressed Draupadi, appearing as if in great distress."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaishampayana

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• स (sa) - he, that

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• राज-भवनम् (rāja-bhavanam) - royal palace, king's dwelling

• दुर्योधन-वशानुगः (duryodhana-vaśānugaḥ) - obedient to Duryodhana, following Duryodhana's command

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• द्रौपदीम् (draupadīm) - Draupadi

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - charioteer, bard

• प्रातिकामी (prātikāmī) - Pratikamin (the charioteer's name)

• व्यथन् (vyathan) - distressing, being distressed, suffering

• इव (iva) - as if, like

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaishampayana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaishampayana (narrator of the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'gam' + suffix '-tvā'.

Root: gam (class 1)

राज-भवनम् (rāja-bhavanam) - royal palace, king's dwelling

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rāja-bhavana

rāja-bhavana - king's palace, royal residence

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+bhavana)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• bhavana – dwelling, house, palace
  noun (neuter)

दुर्योधन-वशानुगः (duryodhana-vaśānugaḥ) - obedient to Duryodhana, following Duryodhana's command

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana-vaśānuga

duryodhana-vaśānuga - obedient to Duryodhana's will, subservient to Duryodhana

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+vaśa+anuga)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vaśa – will, control, power
  noun (masculine)
• anuga – following, obedient, follower
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'anu-gam' (to follow).
  Prefix: anu
  Root: gam (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

द्रौपदीम् (draupadīm) - Draupadi

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of draupadī

draupadī - Draupadi (daughter of Drupada, wife of the Pandavas)

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - charioteer, bard

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard

प्रातिकामी (prātikāmī) - Pratikamin (the charioteer's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prātikāmin

prātikāmin - Pratikamin (name of Duryodhana's charioteer)

व्यथन् (vyathan) - distressing, being distressed, suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyath

vyath - to be distressed, to suffer, to tremble

Present Active Participle

Formed from root 'vyath' + 'śatṛ' suffix.

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Participle acting as an adjective, modifying 'sūtaḥ' or 'prātikāmī'.

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)