महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-60, verse-37

दुःशासनश्चापि समीक्ष्य कृष्णामवेक्षमाणां कृपणान्पतींस्तान् ।
आधूय वेगेन विसंज्ञकल्पामुवाच दासीति हसन्निवोग्रः ॥३७॥

37. duḥśāsanaścāpi samīkṣya kṛṣṇā;mavekṣamāṇāṁ kṛpaṇānpatīṁstān ,
ādhūya vegena visaṁjñakalpā;muvāca dāsīti hasannivograḥ.

37. duḥśāsanaḥ ca api samīkṣya kṛṣṇām
avekṣamāṇām kṛpaṇān patīn
tān ādhūya vegena visaṃjñakalpām
uvāca dāsī iti hasan iva ugraḥ

37. And the fierce Duśśāsana, laughing, seeing Kṛṣṇā looking at her pitiable husbands, violently shook her, who was almost senseless, and called her a slave girl.

Words meanings summery:

• दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duśśāsana

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed

• कृष्णाम् (kṛṣṇām) - Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)

• अवेक्षमाणाम् (avekṣamāṇām) - looking at, observing

• कृपणान् (kṛpaṇān) - miserable, pitiable, helpless

• पतीन् (patīn) - husbands

• तान् (tān) - those

• आधूय (ādhūya) - having shaken, having agitated

• वेगेन (vegena) - with force, swiftly

• विसंज्ञकल्पाम् (visaṁjñakalpām) - almost senseless, nearly unconscious

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• दासी (dāsī) - maidservant, slave girl

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• हसन् (hasan) - laughing

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• उग्रः (ugraḥ) - fierce, terrible, cruel

Words meanings and morphology

दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duśśāsana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duśśāsana (name of a Kaurava prince, lit. 'hard to rule')

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root `īkṣ` (to see) with prefix `sam-` and suffix `-ya` for absolutive.

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

कृष्णाम् (kṛṣṇām) - Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā

kṛṣṇā - Draupadī, the wife of the Pāṇḍavas; (lit. 'dark-complexioned woman')

अवेक्षमाणाम् (avekṣamāṇām) - looking at, observing

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of avekṣamāṇa

avekṣamāṇa - looking at, observing, perceiving

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root `īkṣ` (to see) with prefix `ava-` and suffix `-māṇa` for present middle participle.

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies Kṛṣṇām

कृपणान् (kṛpaṇān) - miserable, pitiable, helpless

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - miserable, pitiable, helpless, wretched

पतीन् (patīn) - husbands

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pati

pati - master, lord, owner, husband

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

आधूय (ādhūya) - having shaken, having agitated

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root `dhū` (to shake) with prefix `ā-` and suffix `-ya` for absolutive.

Prefix: ā

Root: dhū (class 5)

वेगेन (vegena) - with force, swiftly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impetuosity

विसंज्ञकल्पाम् (visaṁjñakalpām) - almost senseless, nearly unconscious

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of visaṃjñakalpa

visaṁjñakalpa - almost senseless, nearly unconscious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (visamjña+kalpa)

• visamjña – senseless, unconscious, bewildered
  adjective (masculine)
• kalpa – like, resembling, almost
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies Kṛṣṇām

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect (lit)

Root `vac` takes reduplication and strong stem `uvāc` in perfect 3rd singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

दासी (dāsī) - maidservant, slave girl

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dāsī

dāsī - maidservant, female slave

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

हसन् (hasan) - laughing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hasat

hasat - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root `has` (to laugh) with suffix `-at` for present active participle.

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Modifies Duśśāsana

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

उग्रः (ugraḥ) - fierce, terrible, cruel

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ugra

ugra - fierce, terrible, violent, cruel

Note: Modifies Duśśāsana