महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-60, verse-41

त्यजेत सर्वां पृथिवीं समृद्धां युधिष्ठिरः सत्यमथो न जह्यात् ।
उक्तं जितोऽस्मीति च पाण्डवेन तस्मान्न शक्नोमि विवेक्तुमेतत् ॥४१॥

41. tyajeta sarvāṁ pṛthivīṁ samṛddhāṁ; yudhiṣṭhiraḥ satyamatho na jahyāt ,
uktaṁ jito'smīti ca pāṇḍavena; tasmānna śaknomi vivektumetat.

41. tyajeta sarvām pṛthivīm samṛddhām
yudhiṣṭhiraḥ satyam atho na jahyāt
uktam jitaḥ asmi iti ca pāṇḍavena
tasmāt na śaknomi vivektum etat

41. Yudhishthira would give up the entire prosperous earth, but he would never abandon truth. Moreover, the son of Pandu himself declared, "I am conquered." Therefore, I am unable to make sense of this situation.

Words meanings summery:

• त्यजेत (tyajeta) - should abandon, would abandon

• सर्वाम् (sarvām) - all, entire

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - earth, ground

• समृद्धाम् (samṛddhām) - prosperous, rich, flourishing

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth

• अथो (atho) - and, moreover, then

• न (na) - not, no

• जह्यात् (jahyāt) - would abandon, should abandon

• उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken

• जितः (jitaḥ) - conquered, vanquished

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

• च (ca) - and, also

• पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by the son of Pandu, by Yudhishthira

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• न (na) - not, no

• शक्नोमि (śaknomi) - I am able, I can

• विवेक्तुम् (vivektum) - to discern, to distinguish, to explain

• एतत् (etat) - this

Words meanings and morphology

त्यजेत (tyajeta) - should abandon, would abandon

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of tyaj

Optative

3rd person singular active

Root: tyaj (class 1)

सर्वाम् (sarvām) - all, entire

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Adjective modifying 'pṛthivīm'.

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - earth, ground

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, world, ground

समृद्धाम् (samṛddhām) - prosperous, rich, flourishing

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of samṛddha

samṛddha - prosperous, flourishing, rich, successful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √ṛdh with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛdh (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying 'pṛthivīm'.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name, eldest Pandava)

Compound type : tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  indeclinable
  locative of yudh (fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality

Note: Object of 'jahyāt'.

अथो (atho) - and, moreover, then

(indeclinable)

A strengthened form of atha

Note: Conjunction.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

जह्यात् (jahyāt) - would abandon, should abandon

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of hā

Optative

3rd person singular active

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Used with 'na' to mean 'would not abandon'.

उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to the statement "jitaḥ asmi".

जितः (jitaḥ) - conquered, vanquished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jita

jita - conquered, won, subdued

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √ji

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'asmi'.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Indicative

1st person singular active

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of a quotation.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by the son of Pandu, by Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, son of Pandu

Note: Agent in a passive construction (uktam).

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, this

ablative singular of 'tad'

Note: Adverbial.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

शक्नोमि (śaknomi) - I am able, I can

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śak

Present Indicative

1st person singular active

Root: śak (class 5)

विवेक्तुम् (vivektum) - to discern, to distinguish, to explain

(verb)

infinitive (tumun) of vivic

Infinitive

Infinitive of √vic with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: vic (class 7)

Note: Used with `śaknomi`.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, these

nominative/accusative singular neuter of 'etad'

Note: Object of `vivektum`.