महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-60, verse-39

सभ्यास्तु ये तत्र बभूवुरन्ये ताभ्यामृते धार्तराष्ट्रेण चैव ।
तेषामभूद्दुःखमतीव कृष्णां दृष्ट्वा सभायां परिकृष्यमाणाम् ॥३९॥

39. sabhyāstu ye tatra babhūvuranye; tābhyāmṛte dhārtarāṣṭreṇa caiva ,
teṣāmabhūdduḥkhamatīva kṛṣṇāṁ; dṛṣṭvā sabhāyāṁ parikṛṣyamāṇām.

39. sabhyāḥ tu ye tatra babhūvuḥ anye
tābhyām ṛte dhārtarāṣṭreṇa ca
eva teṣām abhūt duḥkham atīva
kṛṣṇām dṛṣṭvā sabhāyām parikṛṣyamāṇām

39. But for those other courtiers present there, excluding those two (Karṇa and Duśśāsana) and Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son (Duryodhana), great sorrow arose upon seeing Kṛṣṇā being dragged in the assembly hall.

Words meanings summery:

• सभ्याः (sabhyāḥ) - courtiers, members of the assembly

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• ये (ye) - who, which

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - were, became

• अन्ये (anye) - others

• ताभ्याम् (tābhyām) - by Karṇa and Duśśāsana (by those two)

• ऋते (ṛte) - except for, without

• धार्तराष्ट्रेण (dhārtarāṣṭreṇa) - by Duryodhana (by the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, even

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, for them

• अभूत् (abhūt) - there was, became

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, distress, pain

• अतीव (atīva) - exceedingly, very much

• कृष्णाम् (kṛṣṇām) - Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly hall

• परिकृष्यमाणाम् (parikṛṣyamāṇām) - being dragged around

Words meanings and morphology

सभ्याः (sabhyāḥ) - courtiers, members of the assembly

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sabhya

sabhya - fit for an assembly, belonging to an assembly; a courtier, an assembly member

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - were, became

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect (liṭ)

Root `bhū` in perfect 3rd plural active.

Root: bhū (class 1)

अन्ये (anye) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Refers to other courtiers

ताभ्याम् (tābhyām) - by Karṇa and Duśśāsana (by those two)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

ऋते (ṛte) - except for, without

(indeclinable)

धार्तराष्ट्रेण (dhārtarāṣṭreṇa) - by Duryodhana (by the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (patronymic referring to Duryodhana and his brothers)

Derived from `dhṛtarāṣṭra` with `aṇ` suffix to denote 'descendant of'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, indeed, even

(indeclinable)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, for them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

अभूत् (abhūt) - there was, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist (luṅ)

Root `bhū` in aorist 3rd singular active, augment `a-` and sigmatic aorist `s` (which drops here).

Root: bhū (class 1)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, distress, pain

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, distress, pain, unhappiness

अतीव (atīva) - exceedingly, very much

(indeclinable)

कृष्णाम् (kṛṣṇām) - Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā

kṛṣṇā - Draupadī, the wife of the Pāṇḍavas

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root `dṛś` (to see) with suffix `-tvā` for absolutive.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly hall

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, court, assembly hall

परिकृष्यमाणाम् (parikṛṣyamāṇām) - being dragged around

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parikṛṣyamāṇa

parikṛṣyamāṇa - being dragged around, being pulled about

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root `kṛṣ` (to drag) with prefix `pari-` and passive stem `-ya-` and suffix `-māṇa`.

Prefix: pari

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies Kṛṣṇām