महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-60, verse-34

द्रोणस्य भीष्मस्य च नास्ति सत्त्वं ध्रुवं तथैवास्य महात्मनोऽपि ।
राज्ञस्तथा हीममधर्ममुग्रं न लक्षयन्ते कुरुवृद्धमुख्याः ॥३४॥

34. droṇasya bhīṣmasya ca nāsti sattvaṁ; dhruvaṁ tathaivāsya mahātmano'pi ,
rājñastathā hīmamadharmamugraṁ; na lakṣayante kuruvṛddhamukhyāḥ.

34. droṇasya bhīṣmasya ca na asti sattvam
dhruvam tathā eva asya mahātmanaḥ
api rājñaḥ tathā hīnam adharmam
ugram na lakṣayante kuruvṛddhamukhyāḥ

34. There is no strength (sattva) in Droṇa or Bhīṣma, and certainly not even in this great soul (mahātman) (Dhṛtarāṣṭra). Similarly, the chief elders among the Kurus do not perceive this terrible, despicable violation of constitution (adharma) of the king.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - of the teacher Droṇa (of Droṇa)

• भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of the elder Bhīṣma (of Bhīṣma)

• च (ca) - and

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अस्ति (asti) - exists, is present (is, exists)

• सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - courage, strength, integrity (essence, existence, goodness, courage, strength, vitality)

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly, assuredly (adverbial) (certainly, surely, firm, fixed, constant)

• तथा (tathā) - and, as well as (and, also, thus, so, in that way)

• एव (eva) - similarly, just so (only, just, indeed, certainly)

• अस्य (asya) - of him (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (of him, of this)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great person (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, possibly sarcastically) (of the great-souled one, of the magnanimous one)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (of the king)

• तथा (tathā) - and, as well as (and, also, thus, so, in that way)

• हीनम् (hīnam) - despicable, base (despicable, low, deficient, abandoned)

• अधर्मम् (adharmam) - a violation of the constitution (dharma) (unrighteousness, injustice, violation of dharma)

• उग्रम् (ugram) - terrible, severe (terrible, fierce, violent, formidable)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• लक्षयन्ते (lakṣayante) - they do not perceive, they fail to notice (they perceive, they notice, they mark)

• कुरुवृद्धमुख्याः (kuruvṛddhamukhyāḥ) - the most prominent and respected elders of the Kuru dynasty (the chief elders of the Kurus)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - of the teacher Droṇa (of Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - name of a preceptor of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas, a measure of capacity, a trough

भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of the elder Bhīṣma (of Bhīṣma)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - name of a great warrior and elder of the Kuru dynasty, terrible, formidable

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - exists, is present (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Root: as (class 2)

सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - courage, strength, integrity (essence, existence, goodness, courage, strength, vitality)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - essence, existence, reality, truth, goodness, courage, strength, spirit, vitality

Derived from root √as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly, assuredly (adverbial) (certainly, surely, firm, fixed, constant)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially in neuter accusative singular

तथा (tathā) - and, as well as (and, also, thus, so, in that way)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - similarly, just so (only, just, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of him (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (of him, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, he

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great person (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, possibly sarcastically) (of the great-souled one, of the magnanimous one)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble, of noble nature, the great spirit, the supreme ātman

Compound of mahā (great) and ātman (soul, self)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual soul, Supreme Soul
  noun (masculine)

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (of the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

तथा (tathā) - and, as well as (and, also, thus, so, in that way)

(indeclinable)

हीनम् (hīnam) - despicable, base (despicable, low, deficient, abandoned)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hīna

hīna - deficient, wanting, abandoned, left, base, low, despicable

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √hā (to abandon, leave)

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with adharmam

अधर्मम् (adharmam) - a violation of the constitution (dharma) (unrighteousness, injustice, violation of dharma)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, wrong, sin, impiety, violation of dharma

Negative compound of a (not) and dharma

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, non, un-
  indeclinable
  negative particle
• dharma – duty, righteousness, law, constitution, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

उग्रम् (ugram) - terrible, severe (terrible, fierce, violent, formidable)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ugra

ugra - fierce, terrible, formidable, powerful, violent, cruel

Note: Agrees with adharmam

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

लक्षयन्ते (lakṣayante) - they do not perceive, they fail to notice (they perceive, they notice, they mark)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of lakṣ

Causative of √lakṣ (mark, observe)

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

Note: The Middle voice (ātmanepada) is often used for verbs where the action is for the benefit of the agent or has a reflexive sense

कुरुवृद्धमुख्याः (kuruvṛddhamukhyāḥ) - the most prominent and respected elders of the Kuru dynasty (the chief elders of the Kurus)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuruvṛddhamukhya

kuruvṛddhamukhya - chief among the Kuru elders

Compound

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kuru+vṛddha+mukhya)

• kuru – name of an ancient king, the descendants of Kuru
  proper noun (masculine)
• vṛddha – old, aged, grown, augmented, elder
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √vṛdh (to grow)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost, main
  adjective (masculine)