महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-60, verse-44

स शुद्धभावो निकृतिप्रवृत्तिमबुध्यमानः कुरुपाण्डवाग्र्यः ।
संभूय सर्वैश्च जितोऽपि यस्मात्पश्चाच्च यत्कैतवमभ्युपेतः ॥४४॥

44. sa śuddhabhāvo nikṛtipravṛtti;mabudhyamānaḥ kurupāṇḍavāgryaḥ ,
saṁbhūya sarvaiśca jito'pi yasmā;tpaścācca yatkaitavamabhyupetaḥ.

44. sa śuddhabhāvaḥ nikṛtipravṛttim
abudhyamānaḥ kurupāṇḍavāgryaḥ sambhūya
sarvaiḥ ca jitaḥ api yasmāt
paścāt ca yat kaitavam abhyupetaḥ

44. That pure-minded one (Yudhishthira), the foremost of the Kurus and Pandavas, not comprehending the nature of deceit, was conquered even by all (of them) combined. And because he subsequently accepted that fraudulent outcome...

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - that (one), he

• शुद्धभावः (śuddhabhāvaḥ) - pure-minded, pure in disposition

• निकृतिप्रवृत्तिम् (nikṛtipravṛttim) - the course of deceit, the tendency to deceit, the act of treachery

• अबुध्यमानः (abudhyamānaḥ) - not understanding, not knowing

• कुरुपाण्डवाग्र्यः (kurupāṇḍavāgryaḥ) - foremost of the Kurus and Pandavas

• सम्भूय (sambhūya) - having come together, having combined

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all opponents (by all)

• च (ca) - and, also

• जितः (jitaḥ) - conquered, vanquished

• अपि (api) - even, also, although

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because, from which

• पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards, subsequently, later

• च (ca) - and, also

• यत् (yat) - which, what (that)

• कैतवम् (kaitavam) - fraud, deceit, gambling debt

• अभ्युपेतः (abhyupetaḥ) - accepted, undergone, attained

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - that (one), he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

nominative singular masculine of 'tad'

Note: Subject of the sentence.

शुद्धभावः (śuddhabhāvaḥ) - pure-minded, pure in disposition

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuddhabhāva

śuddhabhāva - pure-minded, sincere, pure of heart

Compound type : karmadharaya (śuddha+bhāva)

• śuddha – pure, clean, undefiled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √śudh (to purify)
  Root: śudh (class 4)
• bhāva – state, condition, disposition, nature, mind
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

निकृतिप्रवृत्तिम् (nikṛtipravṛttim) - the course of deceit, the tendency to deceit, the act of treachery

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nikṛtipravṛtti

nikṛtipravṛtti - course of deceit, engagement in treachery

Compound type : tatpurusha (nikṛti+pravṛtti)

• nikṛti – deceit, fraud, treachery
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from √kṛ with prefix ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• pravṛtti – course, tendency, activity, engagement
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from √vṛt with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

अबुध्यमानः (abudhyamānaḥ) - not understanding, not knowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abudhyamāna

abudhyamāna - not understanding, unaware

Present Middle Participle

Derived from √budh (to know) with negative prefix 'a-', present stem 'budhya', middle voice. It functions as an adjective modifying 'sa'.

Compound type : karmadharaya (a+budhyamāna)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• budhyamāna – understanding, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Middle Participle
  Derived from √budh, present stem `budhya`, middle voice.
  Root: budh (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'sa' (Yudhishthira).

कुरुपाण्डवाग्र्यः (kurupāṇḍavāgryaḥ) - foremost of the Kurus and Pandavas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kurupāṇḍavāgrya

kurupāṇḍavāgrya - foremost of the Kurus and Pandavas

Compound: 'Kuru-Pāṇḍava' (Dvandva) + 'agrya' (foremost). Refers to Yudhishthira.

Compound type : dvandva-tatpurusha (kuru+pāṇḍava+agrya)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king or his descendants)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pāṇḍava – son of Pandu
  proper noun (masculine)
• agrya – foremost, principal, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: ag (class 1)

Note: Appositive to 'sa'.

सम्भूय (sambhūya) - having come together, having combined

(verb)

absolutive (lyap) of sambhū

Absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive of √bhū (to be) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Adverbial modifier.

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all opponents (by all)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

instrumental plural masculine of 'sarva'

Note: Agent in passive construction 'jitaḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

जितः (jitaḥ) - conquered, vanquished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jita

jita - conquered, won, subdued

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √ji

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'sa'.

अपि (api) - even, also, although

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to imply 'even though'.

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because, from which

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

ablative singular masculine/neuter of 'yad', used adverbially to mean 'because', 'wherefore'

Note: Adverbial, introduces a reason.

पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards, subsequently, later

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from 'paśca'

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which, what (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

nominative/accusative singular neuter of 'yad'

Note: Object of 'abhyupetaḥ'.

कैतवम् (kaitavam) - fraud, deceit, gambling debt

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kaitava

kaitava - deceit, fraud, trickery, gambling, gambling debt

Derived from 'kitava' (gambler, cheat)

Note: Object of 'abhyupetaḥ'.

अभ्युपेतः (abhyupetaḥ) - accepted, undergone, attained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyupeta

abhyupeta - approached, accepted, undergone, attained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √i (to go) with prefixes abhi and upa

Prefixes: abhi+upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'sa'.