महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-60, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
धिगस्तु क्षत्तारमिति ब्रुवाणो दर्पेण मत्तो धृतराष्ट्रस्य पुत्रः ।
अवैक्षत प्रातिकामीं सभायामुवाच चैनं परमार्यमध्ये ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
dhigastu kṣattāramiti bruvāṇo; darpeṇa matto dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putraḥ ,
avaikṣata prātikāmīṁ sabhāyā;muvāca cainaṁ paramāryamadhye.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca dhik astu kṣattāram
iti bruvāṇaḥ darpeṇa mattaḥ dhṛtarāṣṭrasya
putraḥ avaikṣata prātikāmīm
sabhāyām uvāca ca enam paramāryamadhye

1. Vaiśampaayana said: "Woe to the charioteer (Kṣattā)!" Uttering these words, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son (Duryodhana), who was intoxicated by arrogance, looked at Prātikāmī in the assembly hall and then spoke to him in the presence of the most respected nobles.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya (Vaiśampaayana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• धिक् (dhik) - woe (woe, fie, shame on)

• अस्तु (astu) - let there be (woe) (let it be, may it be)

• क्षत्तारम् (kṣattāram) - the charioteer (Vidura) (charioteer, door-keeper, a particular mixed caste)

• इति (iti) - thus (introducing speech) (thus, so)

• ब्रुवाणः (bruvāṇaḥ) - saying (speaking, saying)

• दर्पेण (darpeṇa) - by arrogance (by arrogance, by pride)

• मत्तः (mattaḥ) - intoxicated (by arrogance) (intoxicated, frenzied, arrogant)

• धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son (Duryodhana) (son)

• अवैक्षत (avaikṣata) - looked at (looked at, observed)

• प्रातिकामीम् (prātikāmīm) - Prātikāmī (Prātikāmī (name of a charioteer))

• सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly hall (in the assembly, in the hall)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (said, spoke)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एनम् (enam) - him (Prātikāmī) (him, this one)

• परमार्यमध्ये (paramāryamadhye) - in the presence of the most respected nobles (in the midst of the foremost noblemen)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya (Vaiśampaayana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampaayana (a proper name, the narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

धिक् (dhik) - woe (woe, fie, shame on)

(indeclinable)

अस्तु (astu) - let there be (woe) (let it be, may it be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

क्षत्तारम् (kṣattāram) - the charioteer (Vidura) (charioteer, door-keeper, a particular mixed caste)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣattṛ

kṣattṛ - charioteer, chamberlain, a particular mixed caste

Note: Refers to Vidura here.

इति (iti) - thus (introducing speech) (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवाणः (bruvāṇaḥ) - saying (speaking, saying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bruv

bruv - speaking, saying

Present Participle (Ātmanepada)

Derived from root 'brū' (to speak) with present participle suffix '-āṇa'.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'putraḥ'.

दर्पेण (darpeṇa) - by arrogance (by arrogance, by pride)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of darpa

darpa - arrogance, pride, conceit

मत्तः (mattaḥ) - intoxicated (by arrogance) (intoxicated, frenzied, arrogant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of matta

matta - intoxicated, drunk, frenzied, arrogant

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'mad' (to be intoxicated, rejoice) with suffix '-ta'.

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'putraḥ'.

धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (a proper name)

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son (Duryodhana) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

अवैक्षत (avaikṣata) - looked at (looked at, observed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of īkṣ

Imperfect tense, Ātmanepada, from root 'īkṣ' with prefix 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

प्रातिकामीम् (prātikāmīm) - Prātikāmī (Prātikāmī (name of a charioteer))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prātikāmin

prātikāmin - Prātikāmin (a proper name, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

Note: Refers to the charioteer.

सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly hall (in the assembly, in the hall)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, hall, court

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him (Prātikāmī) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to Prātikāmī.

परमार्यमध्ये (paramāryamadhye) - in the presence of the most respected nobles (in the midst of the foremost noblemen)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of paramāryamadhya

paramāryamadhya - midst of the foremost noble ones

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parama+ārya+madhya)

• parama – foremost, supreme, highest
  adjective (masculine)
• ārya – noble, respectable, honorable
  adjective (masculine)
• madhya – middle, midst, center
  noun (neuter)