महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-16, chapter-4, verse-37

यस्तेषामेरकां कश्चिज्जग्राह रुषितो नृप ।
वज्रभूतेव सा राजन्नदृश्यत तदा विभो ॥३७॥

37. yasteṣāmerakāṁ kaścijjagrāha ruṣito nṛpa ,
vajrabhūteva sā rājannadṛśyata tadā vibho.

37. yaḥ teṣām erakām kaścid jagrāha ruṣitaḥ nṛpa
vajrabhūtā iva sā rājan na adṛśyata tadā vibho

37. nṛpa teṣām yaḥ kaścid ruṣitaḥ erakām jagrāha
rājan vibho tadā sā vajrabhūtā iva na adṛśyata

37. O king (nṛpa), whoever among them angrily picked up an erakā grass blade, that very blade, O powerful one (vibhu), was then indeed seen as a thunderbolt (vajra).

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - refers to the Yadavas (of them, among them)

• एरकाम् (erakām) - a blade of erakā grass

• कश्चिद् (kaścid) - someone, anyone, whoever

• जग्राह (jagrāha) - he took, he grasped

• रुषितः (ruṣitaḥ) - enraged, angered, furious

• नृप (nṛpa) - addressee (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

• वज्रभूता (vajrabhūtā) - having become a thunderbolt, like a thunderbolt

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• सा (sā) - refers to the 'erakām' (grass blade) (that (feminine), she)

• राजन् (rājan) - addressee (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

• न (na) - as per commentator Nilakantha, to emphasize the assertion rather than negate it (indeed, certainly (emphatic particle))

• अदृश्यत (adṛśyata) - it was seen, it appeared, it manifested

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• विभो (vibho) - addressee (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O lord, O powerful one)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

तेषाम् (teṣām) - refers to the Yadavas (of them, among them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, it

एरकाम् (erakām) - a blade of erakā grass

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of erakā

erakā - a species of grass (Saccharum spontaneum or Kusa grass)

कश्चिद् (kaścid) - someone, anyone, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, anyone, whoever

Compound of kim and cid

Compound type : avyayībhāva (kim+cid)

• kim – who, what, which
  pronoun (masculine)
• cid – particle indicating indefiniteness
  indeclinable

जग्राह (jagrāha) - he took, he grasped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of grah

Perfect 3rd singular

Root: grah (class 9)

रुषितः (ruṣitaḥ) - enraged, angered, furious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ruṣita

ruṣita - enraged, angered, furious

Past Passive Participle

from root 'ruṣ' (to be angry)

Root: ruṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'yaḥ kaścid'.

नृप (nṛpa) - addressee (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king

वज्रभूता (vajrabhūtā) - having become a thunderbolt, like a thunderbolt

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vajrabhūta

vajrabhūta - become a thunderbolt, turned into a thunderbolt

Past Passive Participle

Compound type : tatpurusha (vajra+bhūta)

• vajra – thunderbolt, diamond
  noun (masculine)
• bhūta – become, happened, past
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root 'bhū' (to be, become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sā' (the erakā blade).

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

सा (sā) - refers to the 'erakām' (grass blade) (that (feminine), she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

राजन् (rājan) - addressee (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

न (na) - as per commentator Nilakantha, to emphasize the assertion rather than negate it (indeed, certainly (emphatic particle))

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle, as per commentator Nilakantha, to make the statement stronger rather than negate it.

अदृश्यत (adṛśyata) - it was seen, it appeared, it manifested

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect 3rd singular passive

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

विभो (vibho) - addressee (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O lord, O powerful one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - lord, master, powerful, all-pervading