महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-16, chapter-4, verse-25

एष गच्छामि पदवीं सत्येन च तथा शपे ।
सौप्तिके ये च निहताः सुप्तानेन दुरात्मना ॥२५॥

25. eṣa gacchāmi padavīṁ satyena ca tathā śape ,
sauptike ye ca nihatāḥ suptānena durātmanā.

25. eṣa gacchāmi padavīm satyena ca tathā śape
sauptike ye ca nihatāḥ suptān anena durātmanā

25. eṣa padavīm gacchāmi ca tathā satyena śape ye
ca suptān anena durātmanā sauptike nihatāḥ

25. I shall pursue (their avenging) course, and I thus swear by the truth (satya), concerning those who were slain while sleeping by this wicked person in the (episode of) Sauptika.

Words meanings summery:

• एष (eṣa) - this one, I

• गच्छामि (gacchāmi) - I go, I proceed

• पदवीम् (padavīm) - path, way, trace, fate, course

• सत्येन (satyena) - by truth, truthfully, by my word

• च (ca) - and, also

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• शपे (śape) - I swear, I vow

• सौप्तिके (sauptike) - Refers to the night attack described in the Sauptika Parva of the Mahābhārata. (in the Sauptika (night attack), in the Sauptika Parva)

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• च (ca) - and, also

• निहताः (nihatāḥ) - slain, killed

• सुप्तान् (suptān) - sleeping ones, those who were sleeping

• अनेन (anena) - Refers to the perpetrator, Aśvatthāmā. (by this (one), by him)

• दुरात्मना (durātmanā) - Refers to the wicked person, Aśvatthāmā. (by the evil-minded one, by the wicked person)

Words meanings and morphology

एष (eṣa) - this one, I

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, he

Note: Used here for 'I' in an emphatic sense.

गच्छामि (gacchāmi) - I go, I proceed

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, Present (laṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

पदवीम् (padavīm) - path, way, trace, fate, course

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of padavī

padavī - path, way, trace, course, fate

सत्येन (satyena) - by truth, truthfully, by my word

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, sincerity

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

शपे (śape) - I swear, I vow

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, Present (laṭ) of śap

Root: śap (class 1)

सौप्तिके (sauptike) - Refers to the night attack described in the Sauptika Parva of the Mahābhārata. (in the Sauptika (night attack), in the Sauptika Parva)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sauptika

sauptika - relating to sleep, nocturnal, the Sauptika Parva (section of Mahābhārata describing a night attack)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

निहताः (nihatāḥ) - slain, killed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - slain, killed, struck down

Past Passive Participle

From ni- (prefix) + root han (to strike, kill) + kta suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

सुप्तान् (suptān) - sleeping ones, those who were sleeping

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of supta

supta - asleep, sleeping, latent

Past Passive Participle

From root svap (to sleep) + kta suffix.

Root: svap (class 2)

अनेन (anena) - Refers to the perpetrator, Aśvatthāmā. (by this (one), by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, he

दुरात्मना (durātmanā) - Refers to the wicked person, Aśvatthāmā. (by the evil-minded one, by the wicked person)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of durātman

durātman - evil-minded, wicked, malicious person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+ātman)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult (prefix)
  indeclinable
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, nature
  noun (masculine)