महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-16, chapter-4, verse-13

ब्राह्मणार्थेषु यत्सिद्धमन्नं तेषां महात्मनाम् ।
तद्वानरेभ्यः प्रददुः सुरागन्धसमन्वितम् ॥१३॥

13. brāhmaṇārtheṣu yatsiddhamannaṁ teṣāṁ mahātmanām ,
tadvānarebhyaḥ pradaduḥ surāgandhasamanvitam.

13. brāhmaṇārtheṣu yat siddham annam teṣām mahātmanām
tat vānarebhyaḥ pradaduḥ surāgandhasamanvitam

13. teṣām mahātmanām brāhmaṇārtheṣu yat siddham annam
tat surāgandhasamanvitam vānarebhyaḥ pradaduḥ

13. That food, which was prepared for the Brahmins and intended for those great souls, they gave to monkeys, permeated with the smell of liquor.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणार्थेषु (brāhmaṇārtheṣu) - for the sake of Brahmins (for the purposes of Brahmins, in the affairs of Brahmins)

• यत् (yat) - which (which, what)

• सिद्धम् (siddham) - prepared (prepared, accomplished, ready)

• अन्नम् (annam) - food (food, grain)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (the Brahmins) (of them, to them)

• महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great souls (Brahmins) (of the great souls, of the noble ones)

• तत् (tat) - that (food) (that, it)

• वानरेभ्यः (vānarebhyaḥ) - to the monkeys, for the monkeys

• प्रददुः (pradaduḥ) - they gave

• सुरागन्धसमन्वितम् (surāgandhasamanvitam) - permeated with the smell of liquor (accompanied by the smell of liquor)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणार्थेषु (brāhmaṇārtheṣu) - for the sake of Brahmins (for the purposes of Brahmins, in the affairs of Brahmins)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇārtha

brāhmaṇārtha - purpose/sake of Brahmins

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brāhmaṇa+artha)

• brāhmaṇa – a Brahmin
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

यत् (yat) - which (which, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Refers to `annam`.

सिद्धम् (siddham) - prepared (prepared, accomplished, ready)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of siddha

siddha - prepared, accomplished, perfect

Past Passive Participle

From √sidh

Root: sidh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies `annam`.

अन्नम् (annam) - food (food, grain)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, grain

From √ad, Past Passive Participle

Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Subject of the relative clause.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (the Brahmins) (of them, to them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the `mahātmanām` (Brahmins).

महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great souls (Brahmins) (of the great souls, of the noble ones)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great soul, noble

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the Brahmins for whom the food was intended.

तत् (tat) - that (food) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Corresponds to `yat annam`.

वानरेभ्यः (vānarebhyaḥ) - to the monkeys, for the monkeys

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

प्रददुः (pradaduḥ) - they gave

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of √dā

Perfect

From pra-√dā (class 3)

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject is implied Vṛṣṇis/Andhakas.

सुरागन्धसमन्वितम् (surāgandhasamanvitam) - permeated with the smell of liquor (accompanied by the smell of liquor)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of surāgandhasamanvita

surāgandhasamanvita - accompanied by the smell of liquor

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (surāgandha+samanvita)

• surāgandha – smell of liquor
  noun (masculine)
• samanvita – accompanied, endowed with
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From sam-anu-√i
  Prefixes: sam+anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `tat annam`.