महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-72, verse-42

दत्त्वा धेनुं सुव्रतां साधुवत्सां कल्याणवृत्तामपलायिनीं च ।
यावन्ति लोमानि भवन्ति तस्यास्तावन्ति वर्षाणि वसत्यमुत्र ॥४२॥

42. dattvā dhenuṁ suvratāṁ sādhuvatsāṁ; kalyāṇavṛttāmapalāyinīṁ ca ,
yāvanti lomāni bhavanti tasyā;stāvanti varṣāṇi vasatyamutra.

42. dattvā dhenum suvratām sādhuvatsām
kalyāṇavṛttām apalāyinīm
ca yāvanti lomāni bhavanti tasyāḥ
tāvanti varṣāṇi vasati amutra

42. dattvā suvratām sādhuvatsām kalyāṇavṛttām apalāyinīm ca dhenum,
tasyāḥ yāvanti lomāni bhavanti,
tāvanti varṣāṇi amutra vasati

42. By giving a virtuous cow, one with a good calf, of excellent temperament, and which does not stray, a person resides in the other world for as many years as that cow has hairs.

Words meanings summery:

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given, by giving

• धेनुम् (dhenum) - cow

• सुव्रताम् (suvratām) - well-behaved, virtuous, observant of good vows

• साधुवत्साम् (sādhuvatsām) - having a good calf

• कल्याणवृत्ताम् (kalyāṇavṛttām) - of excellent conduct, well-behaved

• अपलायिनीम् (apalāyinīm) - not running away, not straying

• च (ca) - and

• यावन्ति (yāvanti) - as many as

• लोमानि (lomāni) - hairs

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - are, exist, become

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of that cow (of her, of that)

• तावन्ति (tāvanti) - so many

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

• वसति (vasati) - he dwells, he resides

• अमुत्र (amutra) - in the celestial realms (in the other world, hereafter, there)

Words meanings and morphology

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given, by giving

(indeclinable)

Root: dā (class 3)

धेनुम् (dhenum) - cow

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhenu

dhenu - cow, milch cow

सुव्रताम् (suvratām) - well-behaved, virtuous, observant of good vows

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of suvrata

suvrata - of good vows, virtuous, pious, well-behaved

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+vrata)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)

साधुवत्साम् (sādhuvatsām) - having a good calf

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sādhuvatsā

sādhuvatsā - having a good calf

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sādhu+vatsā)

• sādhu – good, righteous, virtuous
  adjective
• vatsā – a female calf
  noun (feminine)

कल्याणवृत्ताम् (kalyāṇavṛttām) - of excellent conduct, well-behaved

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kalyāṇavṛttā

kalyāṇavṛttā - of excellent conduct or behavior

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kalyāṇa+vṛtta)

• kalyāṇa – auspicious, excellent, good, fortunate
  adjective
• vṛtta – conduct, behavior, character
  noun (neuter)

अपलायिनीम् (apalāyinīm) - not running away, not straying

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of apalāyinī

apalāyin - not fleeing, not running away

Present Active Participle (agent noun)

Derived from the root √i (to go) with upasarga 'apala' or simply from the root √palāy (to flee) with a negative 'a-'.

Prefix: apa

Root: i (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

यावन्ति (yāvanti) - as many as

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of yāvat

yāvat - as much as, as many as, as long as

लोमानि (lomāni) - hairs

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of loman

loman - hair, fur

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - are, exist, become

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of that cow (of her, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तावन्ति (tāvanti) - so many

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of tāvat

tāvat - so much, so many, so long, thus many

Note: Used here as an adjective modifying 'varṣāṇi' (years) which is in the accusative of duration.

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain, rainy season

Note: Accusative case indicating duration of time.

वसति (vasati) - he dwells, he resides

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vas

Root: vas (class 1)

अमुत्र (amutra) - in the celestial realms (in the other world, hereafter, there)

(indeclinable)