महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-72, verse-18

दायाद्या यस्य वै गावो न्यायपूर्वैरुपार्जिताः ।
प्रदत्तास्ताः प्रदातॄणां संभवन्त्यक्षया ध्रुवाः ॥१८॥

18. dāyādyā yasya vai gāvo nyāyapūrvairupārjitāḥ ,
pradattāstāḥ pradātṝṇāṁ saṁbhavantyakṣayā dhruvāḥ.

18. dāyādyāḥ yasya vai gāvaḥ nyāyapūrvaiḥ upārjitāḥ
pradattāḥ tāḥ pradātṝṇām sambhavanti akṣayā dhruvāḥ

18. yasya nyāyapūrvaiḥ upārjitāḥ dāyādyāḥ gāvaḥ vai tāḥ
pradattāḥ pradātṝṇām akṣayāḥ dhruvāḥ sambhavanti

18. Indeed, the cows that are inherited and acquired through just means, when given (as gifts), become imperishable and permanent (rewards) for the givers.

Words meanings summery:

• दायाद्याः (dāyādyāḥ) - hereditary, forming part of an inheritance

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

• गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows, cattle

• न्यायपूर्वैः (nyāyapūrvaiḥ) - by just means, preceded by justice

• उपार्जिताः (upārjitāḥ) - acquired, earned

• प्रदत्ताः (pradattāḥ) - given, presented

• ताः (tāḥ) - those, them

• प्रदातॄणाम् (pradātṝṇām) - of the givers, to the givers

• सम्भवन्ति (sambhavanti) - they become, they arise, they are produced

• अक्षया (akṣayā) - imperishable, inexhaustible

• ध्रुवाः (dhruvāḥ) - permanent, constant, firm

Words meanings and morphology

दायाद्याः (dāyādyāḥ) - hereditary, forming part of an inheritance

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of dāyādya

dāyādya - inherited property, patrimony, inheritance; hereditary, belonging to a heritage

From dāyāda (heir) + ya (suffix for abstract noun or adjective)

Note: Reconstructed from original 'दायाद्या' assuming visarga dropping before 'yasya' for grammatical agreement with 'gāvaḥ'.

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

(indeclinable)

गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows, cattle

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle; earth; ray of light; heaven; speech; water

न्यायपूर्वैः (nyāyapūrvaiḥ) - by just means, preceded by justice

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nyāyapūrva

nyāyapūrva - preceded by justice, just, equitable

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nyāya+pūrva)

• nyāya – justice, rule, method, logical argument
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: nī (class 1)
• pūrva – before, prior, former, preceded by
  adjective (masculine)

उपार्जिताः (upārjitāḥ) - acquired, earned

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of upārjita

upārjita - acquired, gained, earned, accumulated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root 'ṛj' with upasargas 'upa' and 'ā'. Root 'ṛj' means to procure.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: ṛj (class 1)

प्रदत्ताः (pradattāḥ) - given, presented

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of pradatta

pradatta - given, bestowed, granted, presented

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root 'dā' (to give) with upasarga 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

ताः (tāḥ) - those, them

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

प्रदातॄणाम् (pradātṝṇām) - of the givers, to the givers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pradātṛ

pradātṛ - giver, bestower, donor

Agent noun from 'pra-dā' (to give forth).

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

सम्भवन्ति (sambhavanti) - they become, they arise, they are produced

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of sambhū

Present Active

From root 'bhū' with upasarga 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

अक्षया (akṣayā) - imperishable, inexhaustible

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of akṣaya

akṣaya - imperishable, undecaying, inexhaustible, eternal

Negative compound of 'kṣaya' (decay, loss) with 'a-'.

ध्रुवाः (dhruvāḥ) - permanent, constant, firm

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of dhruva

dhruva - fixed, firm, constant, permanent, eternal, certain

From root 'dhru' (to be firm).

Root: dhru (class 1)