महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-72, verse-27

वेदाध्यायी गोषु यो भक्तिमांश्च नित्यं दृष्ट्वा योऽभिनन्देत गाश्च ।
आ जातितो यश्च गवां नमेत इदं फलं शक्र निबोध तस्य ॥२७॥

27. vedādhyāyī goṣu yo bhaktimāṁśca; nityaṁ dṛṣṭvā yo'bhinandeta gāśca ,
ā jātito yaśca gavāṁ nameta; idaṁ phalaṁ śakra nibodha tasya.

27. vedādhyāyī goṣu yaḥ bhaktimān ca
nityam dṛṣṭvā yaḥ abhinandeta
gāḥ ca ā jātitaḥ yaḥ ca gavām nameta
idam phalam śakra nibodha tasya

27. śakra,
tasya idam phalam nibodha yaḥ vedādhyāyī goṣu bhaktimān ca nityam gāḥ dṛṣṭvā yaḥ ca abhinandeta,
yaḥ ca jātitaḥ ā gavām nameta.

27. O Śakra (Indra), know this reward for him who studies the Vedas, has devotion (bhakti) towards cows, always rejoices upon seeing them, and by nature bows to cows.

Words meanings summery:

• वेदाध्यायी (vedādhyāyī) - one who studies the Vedas (one who studies the Vedas, a student of the Vedas)

• गोषु (goṣu) - towards cows (in cows, among cows, towards cows)

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which, he who)

• भक्तिमान् (bhaktimān) - has devotion (bhakti) (devoted, pious, loyal)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always (always, constantly, perpetually)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen)

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which, he who)

• अभिनन्देत (abhinandeta) - should rejoice (should rejoice, may delight in, should praise)

• गाः (gāḥ) - cows

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• आ (ā) - by (referring to origin/nature) (up to, until, from, by)

• जातितः (jātitaḥ) - by nature (by birth, by nature, by caste)

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which, he who)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

• नमेत (nameta) - bows (should bow) (should bow, may bow, should salute)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• फलम् (phalam) - reward (fruit, result, reward, outcome)

• शक्र (śakra) - O Śakra (Indra) (O Indra, mighty one)

• निबोध (nibodha) - know (know, understand, learn)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (his, of him, that)

Words meanings and morphology

वेदाध्यायी (vedādhyāyī) - one who studies the Vedas (one who studies the Vedas, a student of the Vedas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vedādhyāyin

vedādhyāyin - one who studies the Vedas, a student of the Vedas

Compound type : tatpurusha (veda+adhyāyin)

• veda – Veda, sacred knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• adhyāyin – one who studies, a student
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'adhi-i' (to go over, study).
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Describes the implied subject 'he'.

गोषु (goṣu) - towards cows (in cows, among cows, towards cows)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun introducing a subordinate clause.

भक्तिमान् (bhaktimān) - has devotion (bhakti) (devoted, pious, loyal)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhaktimat

bhaktimat - devoted, pious, loyal, having devotion (bhakti)

Derived from 'bhakti' with the possessive suffix '-mat'.

Note: Agrees with 'yaḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

नित्यम् (nityam) - always (always, constantly, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'dṛś' with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun introducing a subordinate clause.

अभिनन्देत (abhinandeta) - should rejoice (should rejoice, may delight in, should praise)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of abhinand

From root 'nand' with prefix 'abhi'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: nand (class 1)

गाः (gāḥ) - cows

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā' and 'abhinandeta'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

आ (ā) - by (referring to origin/nature) (up to, until, from, by)

(indeclinable)

Often functions as a preposition or prefix.

जातितः (jātitaḥ) - by nature (by birth, by nature, by caste)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'jāti' with the suffix '-tas'.

Note: Used with 'ā' to emphasize 'from birth' or 'inherently'.

यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun introducing a subordinate clause.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

Note: Governed by 'nameta'.

नमेत (nameta) - bows (should bow) (should bow, may bow, should salute)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of nam

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Implies a habitual or prescriptive action.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to 'phalam'.

फलम् (phalam) - reward (fruit, result, reward, outcome)

(noun)

neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, reward, consequence, outcome

शक्र (śakra) - O Śakra (Indra) (O Indra, mighty one)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra (king of devas), mighty, powerful

Note: Addressed to Indra.

निबोध (nibodha) - know (know, understand, learn)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of nibudh

From root 'budh' with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Command to Indra.

तस्य (tasya) - his (his, of him, that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'yaḥ' (he who).