महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-72, verse-36

न त्वेवासां दानमात्रं प्रशस्तं पात्रं कालो गोविशेषो विधिश्च ।
कालज्ञानं विप्र गवान्तरं हि दुःखं ज्ञातुं पावकादित्यभूतम् ॥३६॥

36. na tvevāsāṁ dānamātraṁ praśastaṁ; pātraṁ kālo goviśeṣo vidhiśca ,
kālajñānaṁ vipra gavāntaraṁ hi; duḥkhaṁ jñātuṁ pāvakādityabhūtam.

36. na tu eva āsām dāna-mātram praśastam
pātram kālaḥ go-viśeṣaḥ vidhiḥ
ca kāla-jñānam vipra go-antaram hi
duḥkham jñātum pāvaka-āditya-bhūtam

36. vipra āsām dāna-mātram tu eva na
praśastam pātram kālaḥ go-viśeṣaḥ
vidhiḥ ca hi pāvaka-āditya-bhūtam
kāla-jñānam go-antaram jñātum duḥkham

36. O Brahmin, not merely the act of donating these (cows) is commended, but also the worthy recipient, the appropriate time, the specific type of cow, and the prescribed method. Indeed, it is difficult to fully comprehend the proper timing and the distinctions among cows, as they are fundamental like fire and the sun.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• एव (eva) - merely (only, just, indeed)

• आसाम् (āsām) - of these (cows) (of these (feminine))

• दान-मात्रम् (dāna-mātram) - merely the act of donating (merely the donation, only the gift)

• प्रशस्तम् (praśastam) - commended (praised, commended, excellent, auspicious)

• पात्रम् (pātram) - worthy recipient (worthy recipient, vessel, container, deserving person)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - the appropriate time (time, period, season)

• गो-विशेषः (go-viśeṣaḥ) - the specific type of cow (a specific kind of cow, distinction of cows)

• विधिः (vidhiḥ) - the prescribed method (rule, method, prescribed act, ritual)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• काल-ज्ञानम् (kāla-jñānam) - the proper timing (knowledge of time, timeliness)

• विप्र (vipra) - O Brahmin (O Brahmin, O inspired one)

• गो-अन्तरम् (go-antaram) - distinctions among cows (difference among cows, cow-distinction)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - difficult (difficult, painful, sorrowful)

• ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to fully comprehend (to know, to understand, to learn)

• पावक-आदित्य-भूतम् (pāvaka-āditya-bhūtam) - fundamental like fire and the sun (become/being fire and sun, resembling fire and sun)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - merely (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

आसाम् (āsām) - of these (cows) (of these (feminine))

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

दान-मात्रम् (dāna-mātram) - merely the act of donating (merely the donation, only the gift)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāna-mātra

dāna-mātra - merely the donation, only the gift

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dāna+mātra)

• dāna – giving, gift, donation
  noun (neuter)
  nominalization
  Derived from root √dā (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)
• mātra – only, merely, solely
  adjective

प्रशस्तम् (praśastam) - commended (praised, commended, excellent, auspicious)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of praśasta

praśasta - praised, commended, excellent, auspicious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √śaṃs (to praise) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

पात्रम् (pātram) - worthy recipient (worthy recipient, vessel, container, deserving person)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pātra

pātra - vessel, container, recipient, deserving person, actor's role

कालः (kālaḥ) - the appropriate time (time, period, season)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, black, death, Yama

गो-विशेषः (go-viśeṣaḥ) - the specific type of cow (a specific kind of cow, distinction of cows)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of go-viśeṣa

go-viśeṣa - a specific kind of cow, a distinction of cows

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (go+viśeṣa)

• go – cow, ox, cattle
  noun (feminine)
• viśeṣa – distinction, specific quality, particularity
  noun (masculine)
  nominalization
  Derived from root √śiṣ (to distinguish) with prefix vi-.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

विधिः (vidhiḥ) - the prescribed method (rule, method, prescribed act, ritual)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, method, prescribed act, ritual, destiny

Derived from root √dhā (to place, to arrange) with prefix vi- (specific).

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

काल-ज्ञानम् (kāla-jñānam) - the proper timing (knowledge of time, timeliness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāla-jñāna

kāla-jñāna - knowledge of time, timeliness

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kāla+jñāna)

• kāla – time, period
  noun (masculine)
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  nominalization
  Derived from root √jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

विप्र (vipra) - O Brahmin (O Brahmin, O inspired one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, sage, inspired, learned

गो-अन्तरम् (go-antaram) - distinctions among cows (difference among cows, cow-distinction)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of go-antara

go-antara - difference among cows, cow-distinction

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (go+antara)

• go – cow, ox, cattle
  noun (feminine)
• antara – difference, interval, inner part
  noun (neuter)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - difficult (difficult, painful, sorrowful)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - pain, sorrow, suffering, difficulty

ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to fully comprehend (to know, to understand, to learn)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Derived from root √jñā (to know), infinitive form.

Root: jñā (class 9)

पावक-आदित्य-भूतम् (pāvaka-āditya-bhūtam) - fundamental like fire and the sun (become/being fire and sun, resembling fire and sun)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pāvaka-āditya-bhūta

pāvaka-āditya-bhūta - having become fire and sun, elemental like fire and sun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa / karmadhāraya (pāvaka+āditya+bhūta)

• pāvaka – fire, pure, purifying
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √pū (to purify).
  Root: pū (class 1)
• āditya – sun, son of Aditi, a god
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from Aditi (a goddess) with suffix -ya (meaning 'son of' or 'related to').
• bhūta – become, being, element, creature
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √bhū (to be, to become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)