महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-72, verse-24

वैश्यस्यैते यदि गुणास्तस्य पञ्चाशतं भवेत् ।
शूद्रस्यापि विनीतस्य चतुर्भागफलं स्मृतम् ॥२४॥

24. vaiśyasyaite yadi guṇāstasya pañcāśataṁ bhavet ,
śūdrasyāpi vinītasya caturbhāgaphalaṁ smṛtam.

24. vaiśyasya ete yadi guṇāḥ tasya pañcāśatam bhavet
śūdrasya api vinītasya catur-bhāga-phalam smṛtam

24. yadi ete guṇāḥ vaiśyasya (bhavanti),
tasya pañcāśatam bhavet api vinītasya śūdrasya catur-bhāga-phalam smṛtam (asti)

24. If these qualities are found in a merchant, his reward should be fifty (cows). And for a humble śūdra, a fourth part of the fruit is declared.

Words meanings summery:

• वैश्यस्य (vaiśyasya) - of a vaiśya, for a merchant

• एते (ete) - these

• यदि (yadi) - if, whether

• गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities, virtues

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, for him

• पञ्चाशतम् (pañcāśatam) - fifty

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be

• शूद्रस्य (śūdrasya) - of a śūdra, for a śūdra

• अपि (api) - also, even

• विनीतस्य (vinītasya) - of one who is humble, well-behaved, disciplined

• चतुर्-भाग-फलम् (catur-bhāga-phalam) - a fourth part of the fruit/result

• स्मृतम् (smṛtam) - remembered, declared, known

Words meanings and morphology

वैश्यस्य (vaiśyasya) - of a vaiśya, for a merchant

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vaiśya

vaiśya - a member of the merchant or agricultural class

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to qualities (guṇāḥ)

यदि (yadi) - if, whether

(indeclinable)

गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities, virtues

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, attribute

तस्य (tasya) - of him, for him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the vaiśya

पञ्चाशतम् (pañcāśatam) - fifty

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pañcāśat

pañcāśat - fifty

Note: Represents 'fifty (cows)'

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhilin) of bhū

Optative Mood, 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

शूद्रस्य (śūdrasya) - of a śūdra, for a śūdra

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - a member of the laboring class

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

विनीतस्य (vinītasya) - of one who is humble, well-behaved, disciplined

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vinīta

vinīta - humble, well-behaved, modest, disciplined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √nī (to lead) with prefix vi- (apart, thoroughly).

Prefix: vi

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Refers to śūdrasya

चतुर्-भाग-फलम् (catur-bhāga-phalam) - a fourth part of the fruit/result

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of catur-bhāga-phala

catur-bhāga-phala - a fourth part of the fruit

Compound type : tatpurusha (catur-bhāga+phala)

• catur – four
  numeral
• bhāga – part, share
  noun (masculine)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)

स्मृतम् (smṛtam) - remembered, declared, known

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, declared, known, taught

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √smṛ (to remember).

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Used predicatively.